The journey to becoming comfortable with new dentures begins with mastering the insertion technique. Dentures are removable prosthetic devices designed to replace missing teeth and surrounding tissues. They require a specific method to seat properly and create a secure fit. For new wearers, clear guidance on the correct order and motion for insertion is valuable. Establishing a routine ensures stability and minimizes initial discomfort.
Determining the Proper Insertion Order
For full dentures, the upper (maxillary) prosthetic is seated before the lower (mandibular) one. This sequence is based on the anatomical differences between the two arches and how each denture achieves stability. The upper denture covers a larger surface area, including the entire palate, allowing it to rely on suction and a broader tissue base for retention.
The upper denture remains relatively stable once seated due to the palatal seal. Conversely, the lower denture is shaped like a horseshoe, resting on a narrow, moving ridge of gum tissue. Its stability is less secure and is influenced by the surrounding muscles of the tongue, cheeks, and floor of the mouth. Inserting the more stable upper denture first prevents interference from a loose lower prosthetic.
Step-by-Step Guide to Seating Dentures
Before insertion, prepare both the mouth and the dentures. The dentures should be thoroughly cleaned and rinsed to remove residual cleaner or debris. The mouth should be cleaned by gently brushing the gums, tongue, and palate to stimulate blood flow. If adhesive is used, apply it in small, thin lines or dots to the dry surface of the denture, as excessive adhesive can reduce retention by preventing a proper seal.
To seat the upper denture, grasp it with both hands, placing the thumbs inside the arch and the fingers supporting the outside surface. Tilt the appliance slightly, inserting the back teeth first at an angle. Gently rotate the front downward until it aligns flush against the gum ridge and palate. Press firmly but evenly upward with the thumbs along the entire base to expel air and create the necessary suction seal.
The lower denture requires a different approach since it lacks the broad palatal surface for suction. With the upper denture securely in place, insert the lower prosthetic by aligning it over the gum ridge. Use the index fingers to apply gentle, even pressure downward across the entire base, ensuring it settles correctly onto the ridge. Avoid biting down to force the dentures into position, as this uneven pressure can cause warping, misalignment, or damage.
Immediate Care and Adjustment Period
Once both dentures are seated, the adjustment period begins, which includes several common, temporary symptoms. New wearers often experience an initial increase in saliva production, as the mouth perceives the appliance as a foreign object. This hypersalivation typically decreases as the oral tissues adapt to the denture.
Minor soreness or the development of localized “hot spots” on the gums are expected as the denture settles and pressure points emerge. If a sore spot develops, contact the dental professional for an adjustment appointment; do not attempt to adjust the denture at home.
Eating requires patience during the first few weeks, starting with soft foods cut into small pieces. Chewing slowly and evenly on both sides of the mouth prevents the lower denture from tipping. Practicing reading aloud can help the tongue and cheek muscles adapt quickly, as speaking may feel awkward initially.