After wisdom teeth extraction, oral surgeons often use stitches to help the surgical site heal properly. These sutures control bleeding, protect the wound from food particles, and promote gum tissue regeneration. The specific type of stitch used influences whether or not removal is necessary.
Understanding Different Stitch Types
The two main categories are dissolvable (resorbable) and non-dissolvable (non-resorbable) stitches. Dissolvable stitches are made from materials such as gut, chromic gut, or synthetic polymers like polyglycolic acid (PGA) or polyglactin (Vicryl). These materials are designed to break down naturally within the body through a process called hydrolysis, where water molecules gradually break the chemical bonds of the stitch material. This breakdown typically occurs over a period of 7 to 10 days, though some types can take up to a few weeks.
Non-dissolvable stitches, conversely, are made from materials like silk or nylon. These materials are much stronger and do not break down on their own within the body. They are sometimes chosen when a stronger, more prolonged hold is required for tissue approximation, or for specific wound types. Unlike their dissolvable counterparts, these stitches maintain their integrity, requiring manual removal by a dental professional.
When Stitches Require Removal
If non-dissolvable stitches were placed, they will require removal by the oral surgeon or dentist. This removal usually occurs within 7 to 14 days following the procedure, once the initial healing has progressed sufficiently. Leaving non-dissolvable stitches in for too long can lead to irritation, discomfort, or potentially harbor bacteria, increasing the risk of infection.
Dissolvable stitches, which are commonly used for wisdom teeth extractions, do not require manual removal. They are designed to gradually disappear as the extraction site heals, typically within 7 to 10 days. Patients might notice small pieces of the stitch material coming loose or falling out as they dissolve, which is a normal part of the healing process. It is important to avoid pulling or cutting these stitches, even if they feel loose, as this can disrupt the healing wound and potentially introduce infection. Always follow the specific post-operative instructions provided by your oral surgeon regarding your stitches and follow-up appointments.
The Stitch Removal Process
If non-dissolvable stitches require removal, the process is straightforward and quick. An oral surgeon or dentist performs the removal during a follow-up appointment. They use sterile instruments, such as small tweezers and scissors, to carefully snip and gently pull out each stitch. The procedure is usually painless, though some individuals might experience a brief, mild sensation of pressure or pulling.
After the stitches are removed, the extraction site will continue to heal. You might notice a slight tenderness in the area. Maintaining good oral hygiene, including gentle rinsing with salt water as advised by your surgeon, is important to support the final stages of healing. Attending the scheduled follow-up appointment for stitch removal is important to ensure proper healing and address any concerns.