It is common to develop black eyes following a broken nose. This article explores the physiological reasons behind this occurrence, other signs of a broken nose, when medical attention is necessary, and immediate care steps.
Why Black Eyes Accompany a Broken Nose
A black eye, medically known as a periorbital hematoma, is a common symptom after a nasal fracture. The nose, located prominently on the face, is composed of delicate bones, cartilage, and a rich network of small blood vessels. When trauma occurs, such as a direct blow, these blood vessels can rupture.
The impact damages blood vessels in the nasal area, causing blood to leak into surrounding tissues. Because the skin and tissues around the eyes are loose and contain fatty tissue, blood and other fluids easily accumulate there. Gravity then causes this leaked blood to pool under the eyes, leading to characteristic bruising and discoloration. This bruising often appears around one or both eyes within hours or a day after the injury.
Identifying a Broken Nose
Beyond noticeable bruising around the eyes, several other symptoms can indicate a broken nose. Pain and tenderness, especially when touching the nose, are common indicators. Swelling in and around the nose is a frequent sign, sometimes masking a crooked or misshapen appearance until it subsides.
Nosebleeds are another common symptom following a nasal injury. Individuals might also experience difficulty breathing through the nose. A crunching or crackling sound when the nose is touched can also suggest a fracture.
When to See a Doctor for a Nasal Injury
While many minor nasal injuries can heal on their own, certain signs warrant immediate medical attention. Seek care if bleeding from the nose does not stop, even after applying pressure. A noticeable change in the nose’s shape not solely due to swelling, or if the nose appears crooked, prompts a doctor’s visit.
Difficulty breathing through the nose, even after initial swelling has reduced, is another reason to consult a healthcare provider. Clear fluid draining from the nose could indicate a more serious injury, such as a cerebrospinal fluid leak, and requires urgent medical evaluation. Immediate medical help is necessary if the injury is accompanied by:
Severe headache
Neck pain
Changes in vision
Loss of consciousness
A purple swelling inside the nose (septal hematoma)
Immediate Care for a Suspected Broken Nose
If a nasal injury occurs, staying calm is an important first step. If there is bleeding, sit upright and lean slightly forward to prevent blood from going down the back of the throat. Pinch the soft part of the nostrils together and apply continuous pressure for 10 to 15 minutes to help stop the bleeding.
Applying a cold compress or an ice pack wrapped in a thin cloth to the nose can help reduce swelling and pain. Do this for 10 to 15 minutes at a time, several times a day, particularly within the first 24 to 48 hours after the injury. Avoid touching, picking, or trying to straighten the nose, as this can worsen the injury. Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen, can help manage discomfort, though ibuprofen should be used with caution if bleeding is active as it can thin the blood.