The Argiope aurantia, commonly known as the writing spider, is a visually striking inhabitant of gardens across North America. Its distinctive appearance and large, intricate webs often lead to questions regarding its potential to bite humans. This article clarifies writing spider bites, their identification, and appropriate responses.
The Truth About Writing Spider Bites
Writing spiders are not aggressive towards humans, and bites are rare. They are shy creatures that prefer to flee or vibrate their web vigorously as a defense mechanism if disturbed. A bite usually occurs only if the spider feels directly threatened or is accidentally pressed against human skin. Their primary use for venom is to paralyze the insects they catch in their webs, not to harm larger animals or humans.
Identifying a Writing Spider
The writing spider, Argiope aurantia, is easily recognized by its distinct characteristics. Female spiders are notably larger than males, typically 19 to 28 millimeters long. Their abdomen displays a prominent black and bright yellow pattern, while the cephalothorax, or fused head and thorax, is often covered with fine silver hairs. The legs are typically black with yellowish-brown coloration closer to the body.
These spiders construct large, circular orb webs up to 60 centimeters in diameter. A unique feature of their web is the “stabilimentum,” a dense, zigzag pattern of silk woven into the center. This distinctive silk pattern is believed to be the origin of the “writing spider” common name. Writing spiders often build webs in sunny garden areas, fields, or tall vegetation, securely anchoring their webs.
What to Expect from a Bite
The venom of a writing spider is not considered medically significant to humans. If a bite occurs, the effects are generally mild and localized, similar to a bee sting. Common symptoms include slight pain, redness, and some swelling at the bite site. Individuals might also experience mild discomfort, itching, or a small rash.
While the venom is primarily designed to incapacitate insect prey, it poses little risk to healthy non-allergic individuals. Serious reactions are uncommon. They typically occur only in individuals with a pre-existing allergy to spider venom, similar to severe bee sting allergies.
If You Are Bitten
If bitten, first clean the affected area. Gently wash the bite wound with mild soap and water to help prevent infection. To reduce any pain and swelling, apply a cold compress or an ice pack to the bite site for about 15 minutes at a time.
Over-the-counter pain relievers can be used if needed to manage discomfort. It is important to monitor the bite area for any changes. Seek medical attention if symptoms worsen, signs of infection develop, or if you suspect an allergic reaction (e.g., difficulty breathing, widespread swelling).