While it might sound fictional, the decomposition of a large whale carcass can lead to a dramatic rupture. This uncommon phenomenon is a real occurrence. Understanding its biological reasons reveals a startling aspect of nature.
The Phenomenon of Exploding Whales
After a whale dies, its body begins decomposition. Bacteria within its gut and tissues break down organic matter. This microbial activity produces various gases as byproducts, including methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and nitrogen.
These gases accumulate inside the carcass, leading to a buildup of internal pressure. As decomposition progresses, the whale’s body can bloat considerably. The carcass can resemble a massive, air-filled balloon.
Conditions Leading to an Explosion
The whale’s thick skin and blubber layer play a significant role in trapping these gases. This robust outer layer acts as a seal, preventing gradual gas release. The sheer size of a whale means a vast amount of organic material for bacteria to consume, leading to a greater volume of gas production.
External factors also influence the likelihood of an explosion. Warmer temperatures accelerate decomposition, increasing gas production. If a carcass remains intact and exposed to such conditions, internal pressure can exceed the strength of the whale’s tissues. The resulting rupture can violently expel internal organs and tissues, posing a risk due to flying debris.
Managing Deceased Whales
When a deceased whale washes ashore, authorities become responsible for its management. Their primary concerns involve public safety, mitigating health risks, and addressing the strong odor associated with decomposition. Leaving a large carcass on a populated beach can attract scavengers and create an unsanitary environment.
Several methods are employed to dispose of whale carcasses. Towing the whale back out to sea is one common approach, allowing it to decompose naturally away from shore, where it can become a food source for deep-sea organisms. Burial on the beach is another option, though it requires suitable sandy areas and can be a slow process. In some rare and controlled instances, such as the 1970 incident in Florence, Oregon, explosives have been used to break up the carcass, although this method had significant consequences. These controlled measures manage the situation safely and prevent uncontrolled ruptures.