The cannabis plant has gained considerable attention for its diverse compounds and the intricate structures that produce them. Many are curious about the presence of resinous glands called trichomes, which synthesize and store the plant’s unique cannabinoids and terpenes, contributing to its distinct effects and aromas. This article explores what trichomes are, their distribution on cannabis stems, and their cannabinoid content.
What Are Trichomes?
Trichomes are tiny, hair-like or glandular outgrowths that cover the surface of many plants, including cannabis. In cannabis, these structures function as microscopic factories, producing a sticky resin rich in various compounds. This resin contains cannabinoids like THC and CBD, as well as terpenes and flavonoids, which are responsible for the plant’s scent, flavor, and effects. While trichomes can appear across the entire plant, they are most notably concentrated on the flowers, giving them a frosty, crystalline appearance.
Trichomes on Cannabis Stems
Cannabis stems do possess trichomes, though their abundance and type differ significantly from those found on flowers. The trichomes on stems are typically smaller and less developed, often characterized as bulbous or capitate-sessile trichomes. These types are less efficient at cannabinoid production compared to the larger, mushroom-shaped capitate-stalked trichomes that primarily populate the plant’s buds. While present, the density and cannabinoid-synthesizing capability of trichomes on stems are considerably lower than on the more resinous floral parts.
Cannabinoid Content and Stem Utility
Due to the sparse distribution and less potent nature of trichomes on stems, their cannabinoid content is low. Lab analyses indicate that cannabis stems contain minimal cannabinoids, with THC concentrations often ranging from 0.1% to 0.5%. This negligible amount means stems are not typically used for psychoactive or therapeutic effects. Smoking stems is not recommended, as it yields little to no psychoactive effect and can produce a harsh, unpleasant smoke.
Despite their low cannabinoid content, cannabis stems have other uses. They consist of fibrous material that can be repurposed. Some individuals use stems to make mild teas, infusions, or cannabutter, though these preparations have significantly reduced potency compared to those made with flowers. The fibrous nature of stems also makes them suitable for industrial uses, such as producing textiles, paper, or other plant-based materials.