Verrucas are warts that appear on the soles of the feet. They are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), a viral infection. These growths often present as small, rough patches on the skin.
Why Verrucas Can Hurt
Verrucas can cause pain, particularly when they develop on weight-bearing areas of the foot, such as the heel or ball of the foot. The pain stems from the inward growth pattern of these warts. Unlike warts on other parts of the body that tend to grow outwards, verrucas are pushed inward by the constant pressure of walking and standing.
This inward growth can press against sensitive nerve endings, leading to sharp, localized pain. The continuous pressure from daily activities like standing or walking worsens this discomfort. Over time, the body may respond to the pressure by forming a hardened skin layer, known as a callus, over the verruca. This callus adds to the pressure on the underlying nerve endings, intensifying the pain.
Pain varies among individuals, ranging from a mild ache or a sensation similar to having a small stone in the shoe, to more severe, sharp pain that interferes with walking. Inflammation around the verruca can also contribute to pain.
Identifying Verrucas and Other Signs
Identifying a verruca involves recognizing its appearance, though it can be confused with other foot conditions like corns or calluses. A verruca appears as a small, rough, grainy growth, with a flat surface that may be slightly raised or sunken into the skin. They occur on the soles of the feet, toes, or heels.
A hallmark sign of a verruca is the presence of small, dark pinprick spots, often called “black dots.” These are tiny clotted blood vessels visible within the wart. These black dots are absent in corns or calluses. Besides pain, individuals may also experience itchiness or tenderness when the area is pressed or touched.
Managing Verrucas and Seeking Help
Many verrucas can resolve on their own as the immune system eventually fights off the HPV infection, though this process can take months or even years. For those seeking faster resolution or relief from discomfort, over-the-counter (OTC) treatments are available. These include preparations containing salicylic acid, which works by gradually softening and peeling away the affected skin layers. Freezing sprays, which aim to destroy the wart tissue by cryotherapy, are another OTC option. Follow package instructions carefully for safe and effective application.
Consult a healthcare professional if a verruca causes persistent or significant pain, grows rapidly, or bleeds. Also seek professional medical advice if there are multiple verrucas, if their appearance changes, or if there is uncertainty about the diagnosis. Individuals with weakened immune systems or underlying conditions like diabetes should seek professional care for any foot concerns, including verrucas, to prevent potential complications. Healthcare providers can offer stronger cryotherapy treatments, minor surgical removal, laser therapy, or immunotherapy to stimulate the body’s immune response against the virus.