Squirrels are far from silent creatures, producing a diverse range of vocalizations for communication. Their sounds are varied, encompassing sharp alerts and subtle expressions. Understanding these noises provides insight into their daily lives and social interactions.
The Range of Squirrel Sounds
Squirrels produce distinct sounds, each with unique auditory characteristics. Barks are sharp, repetitive, and sometimes resemble a small dog’s sound, often throaty and loud. Chirps are typically higher-pitched and can sound bird-like, serving various functions. Chattering involves rapid, high-pitched, repetitive noises, sometimes accompanied by teeth grinding, ranging from quick “chucks” to complex clicks.
Squeaks and whistles are also part of their repertoire. Squeaks are high-pitched and can be made by young squirrels or indicate distress. Whistles are also high-pitched and might be used by certain species, such as the Richardson’s ground squirrel, for warning.
Squirrels can also produce purring sounds, which are low and rumbling, often associated with contentment or relaxation. Growls are low, guttural sounds, signaling aggression. Some squirrels may also emit moans, described as clear-toned sounds that rise and fall, or even buzzing noises.
Understanding Squirrel Communication
The various sounds squirrels make are connected to specific contexts and behaviors. Barks and certain chirps function as alarm calls, warning other squirrels of potential dangers. These alarm calls can be differentiated based on the type of threat, with rapid barks (like “kuk” sounds) and “quaa” calls often signaling terrestrial predators such as cats or humans, while moans may indicate aerial threats like hawks. When an alarm call is given, other squirrels become alert, scanning their surroundings or seeking cover.
Squirrels use chattering and growls to assert their territory or defend food sources. A rapid, agitated chatter often indicates excitement, irritation, or a feeling of being threatened. During mating season, squirrels become more vocal, using specific calls to attract mates and signal readiness. Female squirrels may emit “duck-like” calls from high perches to attract males, who respond with a chorus of barks, screeches, rattles, and snorts, often leading to a chase sequence.
Young or injured squirrels produce high-pitched squeaks, whines, or “muk-muk” sounds as distress signals, calling for their mothers or indicating pain. These sounds are often soft and can be heard when young squirrels are hungry. Social interactions also involve vocalizations, with purring and cooing sounds used as contact sounds between mothers and their young, and by males when courting females. Some sounds, like a “clucking” noise, might indicate contentment while feeding.