Squirrels are a common sight, and their maternal behaviors, particularly how they care for their young, often spark curiosity. This article explores how mother squirrels transport their babies and the reasons behind it.
How Squirrels Move Their Young
Mother squirrels carry their babies by gently grasping them with their mouth, usually by the loose skin on the back of the neck (the scruff) or sometimes by the back. This method is instinctual and highly effective, ensuring the baby remains secure. The baby naturally curls up, minimizing resistance and making transport easier for the mother.
Newborn squirrels are particularly fragile and vulnerable, necessitating this careful carrying technique. At birth, they are typically pink, hairless, and have closed eyes; their ears usually open around three weeks, and eyes around five weeks. Fur begins to develop shortly after birth, with a full coat growing in by about three to four weeks. This early stage means they are entirely dependent on their mother for warmth and protection, making safe transport crucial.
Reasons for Moving Baby Squirrels
Mother squirrels move their young for several compelling reasons, primarily to ensure their safety and well-being. One common scenario involves relocating to a safer nest site if the original drey (a squirrel’s nest made of leaves and twigs) becomes compromised. This can be due to predators like hawks, owls, or domestic animals, or if the nest is disturbed by human activity or construction.
Environmental factors also play a role; a mother might move her babies if the nest is damaged by severe weather, such as heavy rain or strong winds, or if it becomes infested with parasites. Sometimes, a move establishes a new, more suitable territory, especially if the current location becomes overcrowded or less ideal. Mother squirrels also retrieve babies that have accidentally fallen out of the nest, carrying them back to safety.
When to Help a Baby Squirrel
Deciding whether to intervene when encountering a baby squirrel requires careful consideration. It is best not to intervene immediately if the baby appears healthy and the mother is likely to return. Observing from a distance for several hours can confirm if the mother is present or will return.
Intervention becomes necessary if the baby squirrel shows clear signs of distress, injury, or abandonment. Such signs include visible wounds, bleeding, contact with a cat or dog, shivering, or the presence of bugs or fly larvae on its body. A baby continuously crying or approaching humans might also indicate it needs help. In these situations, contact a local licensed wildlife rehabilitator or animal control immediately.
While waiting for professional help, place the baby in a small cardboard box with a soft cloth and provide a heat source, such as a sock filled with warm rice or a plastic bottle filled with warm water wrapped in a towel. Ensure the baby can move away from the heat if it becomes too warm. Do not offer food or water unless instructed by a rehabilitator, as incorrect feeding can cause serious harm. Always wear thick gloves if direct handling is unavoidable, as even young squirrels can bite.