The spotted lanternfly (Lycorma delicatula) is an invasive insect first detected in Pennsylvania in 2014. Originally from Asia, this planthopper has spread, raising concerns about its impact. A common question is whether these insects, especially their nymphs, pose a direct physical threat to humans through biting. This article addresses that concern and outlines broader issues.
Do Spotted Lanternfly Nymphs Bite Humans?
Spotted lanternfly nymphs and adults do not bite or sting humans. Their mouthparts are designed for piercing and sucking plant sap. These insects possess a needle-like beak, which functions like a tiny straw for extracting fluids from plant tissues.
Their mouthparts allow them to penetrate plant bark and stems to access phloem sap. This feeding mechanism cannot penetrate human or animal skin. If a sensation akin to a “pinch” is felt, it is typically from the insect’s legs as it lands or crawls, not an attempt to bite.
Their True Impact
While spotted lanternflies do not bite, they cause substantial agricultural and ecological damage. These insects feed on the sap of a wide variety of plants, including over 70 species of trees, vines, and crops. Economically important plants like grapes, hops, apples, stone fruits, maple, and walnut trees are particularly vulnerable.
Their feeding activity can stress plants, leading to stunted growth, wilting, and dieback, especially in grapevines where heavy infestations can cause vine death. As they consume large quantities of sap, spotted lanternflies excrete a sugary liquid called “honeydew.” This sticky substance coats plants and surfaces, promoting the growth of black sooty mold. Sooty mold inhibits photosynthesis by blocking sunlight, reducing plant health and crop quality. Honeydew also attracts nuisance insects like bees and wasps, and can make outdoor areas messy.
What To Do When You See Them
Public participation is valuable in managing spotted lanternfly populations and limiting their spread. If you encounter them, report sightings to your state’s agricultural or extension services. Many states offer online reporting tools or dedicated phone hotlines, aiding in tracking their distribution and implementing containment strategies.
For direct management, physically destroying spotted lanternflies is effective. Nymphs and adults can be squashed or crushed. If egg masses are found, typically from late fall through spring on surfaces like trees, rocks, or outdoor furniture, scrape them off. Scrape egg masses into a bag containing rubbing alcohol or hand sanitizer to ensure destruction before disposal.
Preventative measures are also important to prevent their spread. Spotted lanternflies are known to hitchhike, laying eggs on vehicles, firewood, outdoor furniture, and other items. Before traveling, especially from infested areas, inspect your vehicle and outdoor belongings for all life stages. This helps prevent inadvertently transporting this invasive pest to new locations.