The presence of a snake near a swimming pool often leads to questions about what attracts them, particularly whether the type of pool water—chlorine versus saltwater—impacts their interest. The answer lies in the fundamental biology of how a snake’s body manages salt. Understanding the physiological needs of terrestrial snakes explains their behavior around any residential pool.
The Biological Reality: Snakes and Salinity
Terrestrial snakes, the species commonly found in residential areas, actively avoid highly saline water. Unlike specialized sea snakes, these land-dwelling reptiles lack the sophisticated physiological mechanisms to excrete large amounts of salt. They cannot process excess sodium chloride efficiently through their kidneys.
Marine snakes have evolved specialized salt glands, usually located under the tongue, to secrete high concentrations of salt. Even with these glands, many sea snakes require access to freshwater to avoid dehydration, often drinking rain that collects on the ocean surface. Terrestrial snakes possess no such salt-secreting organs.
If a terrestrial snake drinks highly saline water, such as from a saltwater pool, the high salt concentration disrupts its internal water balance (osmoregulation). The snake draws water from its own tissues to flush out the salt, leading to rapid dehydration and distress. For this reason, a saltwater pool is not attractive as a source of hydration for a terrestrial snake.
Why Snakes Approach Pools Regardless of Water Type
Despite the biological aversion to high salinity, the pool environment offers strong behavioral motivations that override the water’s chemical content. Snakes, being cold-blooded, seek cooler, shaded areas around a pool deck to regulate their body temperature during hot summer months. The pool area may offer refuge from the heat of the surrounding environment.
Another major draw is the presence of prey, which is often attracted to the pool area. Water attracts insects, frogs, and rodents, which become a readily available food source for snakes. The presence of a reliable food supply and cool shelter makes a pool environment appealing, regardless of whether the water is chlorinated or saline.
The pool can act as an emergency source of moisture during drought when natural water sources are scarce. Snakes may also fall into the water by accident while exploring or hunting near the edge. While the salt or chlorine content deters them from drinking, the surrounding damp environment and the chance for a meal still draw them close.
Practical Steps for Poolside Snake Deterrence
The most effective way to deter snakes is to eliminate the environmental factors that attract them. Snakes seek cover and shelter, so homeowners should focus on removing potential hiding spots. This includes keeping the grass around the pool and perimeter trimmed short, as tall grass offers excellent concealment.
Remove any piles of debris, such as wood stacks, rock piles, or neglected equipment, from the vicinity of the pool. Clutter provides cool, dark places for snakes to rest and hide. Controlling the snake’s food source is an indirect but effective strategy.
Eliminate habitats for rodents and frogs near the pool, and avoid leaving pet food outdoors, which attracts prey animals. If a perimeter fence exists, ensure it is tight to the ground. Consider installing a snake-proof mesh barrier buried a few inches into the soil to prevent entry. Keeping the pool covered when not in use also prevents accidental entry.