Seborrheic keratosis are common, non-cancerous skin growths often appearing with age. They present as tan, brown, or black spots with a waxy, scaly, or “stuck-on” appearance. Many seek removal for cosmetic reasons or if they become irritated by clothing or jewelry. This article discusses seborrheic keratosis, removal methods, and reappearance likelihood.
Understanding Seborrheic Keratosis
Seborrheic keratosis (SK) lesions vary in appearance, in color from tan, brown, or black, and sometimes pink, yellow, or white. Their texture is waxy, scaly, or rough, giving them a “stuck-on” quality. They appear on the face, chest, back, neck, scalp, and shoulders, but can develop almost anywhere, excluding palms and soles.
Age and genetics are primary factors in SK development. They are common after age 40, with frequency increasing significantly with age; about 75% of people have at least one by age 70. Family history suggests a genetic predisposition. While some studies suggest sun exposure may play a role, SKs are benign and do not transform into skin cancer.
Common Removal Techniques
Dermatologists use several methods to remove seborrheic keratosis, after numbing the area for comfort. Cryotherapy involves applying liquid nitrogen to freeze the growth, causing it to blister and fall off within days or weeks. This method may lead to temporary or permanent skin lightening, particularly in darker skin tones.
Another technique is shave excision, where a healthcare provider shaves off the lesion with a blade. This approach is preferred when a tissue sample is needed for laboratory analysis. Similarly, curettage involves scraping off the growth, often performed after the skin has been numbed.
Electrocautery, also known as electrodessication, uses an electric current to burn and destroy the seborrheic keratosis. This method can be used alone or in combination with curettage. Laser therapy offers another non-surgical option for removal. Laser treatments provide quick results and favorable cosmetic outcomes.
Addressing Recurrence Concerns
A seborrheic keratosis that has been removed does not grow back in the same spot. Once the lesion’s cells are eliminated, the treated area heals without the original growth reappearing. However, recurrence can occur due to incomplete removal, where a small portion might remain and grow.
Individuals prone to seborrheic keratosis often develop new lesions in areas adjacent to or separate from the original removal site. This is new growth, not the original lesion returning. Since seborrheic keratosis is influenced by age and genetic predisposition, new growths can emerge throughout life. Recurrence rates are low, with about 10-15% of cases showing new growth within five years.
Strategies for Minimizing New Lesions
While individuals with a predisposition to seborrheic keratosis may develop new growths, strategies can minimize their formation. Sun protection is recommended, as sun exposure can contribute to SK development. Consistent use of broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher can reduce sun damage.
Maintaining good general skincare practices, including regular cleansing and moisturizing, supports overall skin health. Regular self-skin exams are also important for monitoring any existing growths and identifying new lesions early. Individuals should consult a dermatologist if they notice any changes in the size, shape, color, or symptoms of a skin growth.