Rat snakes are a common sight across various landscapes, from dense woodlands to suburban gardens. These reptiles are non-venomous and play a role in their ecosystems. Understanding their natural behaviors and how to react during an encounter can help ensure safety for both humans and these creatures.
About Rat Snakes
Rat snakes are medium to large constrictors, ranging from 3.5 to 10 feet in length. Appearance varies by species and location, with colors like black, yellow, gray, and patterns such as blotches or stripes. They possess keeled scales and round pupils. These snakes are docile and non-aggressive, preferring to avoid confrontation. Rat snakes inhabit diverse environments, including forests, fields, farmlands, and suburban areas, often seeking shelter in trees, barns, or attics.
Why Rat Snakes Bite
Rat snakes are not inherently aggressive, but will bite if threatened or cornered, as a defensive action rather than an intentional attack. Circumstances that provoke a bite include improper handling, accidentally stepping on them, or invading their personal space. When threatened, a rat snake might coil its body, hiss, or vibrate its tail, mimicking a rattlesnake as a warning. They may also release a foul-smelling musk to deter perceived threats. These bites are not venomous.
What to Do If Bitten
The primary concern after a rat snake bite is preventing infection. First, remain calm. Thoroughly wash the bite area with soap and water. If bleeding occurs, apply gentle pressure with a clean cloth to stop it.
After cleaning, apply an antiseptic solution, such as hydrogen peroxide or rubbing alcohol, to the wound. Cover the bite with a clean, dry bandage to protect it from contamination. Monitor the bite area for signs of infection, including increased redness, swelling, pain, pus, or fever. Medical attention is not needed unless these signs develop or if there is uncertainty about the snake’s identity.
Avoiding Rat Snake Bites
The most effective way to avoid a rat snake bite is to leave the snake undisturbed if encountered. Observe them from a safe distance; avoid handling. Being aware of surroundings in areas where snakes might reside also helps prevent encounters.
Keeping yards tidy by regularly mowing lawns, trimming hedges, and clearing brush reduces potential hiding spots for snakes. When moving firewood, brush, or lumber, use tools instead of hands or feet to expose hidden snakes safely. Wearing protective clothing like tall boots and long pants in snake-prone areas provides an extra layer of safety.