Opossums, North America’s only native marsupial, are frequent visitors to many backyards, often seen scavenging at night. Despite their common presence, a widespread misconception persists that these animals are heavily infested with fleas. The truth reveals a more complex reality about their relationship with these parasites.
Why Opossums Rarely Carry Fleas
While opossums can encounter fleas, they are not typical hosts for large flea populations. Several biological factors contribute to their resistance to heavy flea infestations. Their average body temperature, which ranges from 94 to 97°F (34.4 to 36.1°C), is generally too low for fleas to complete their life cycle effectively. This cooler internal environment makes it difficult for flea eggs and larvae to develop, limiting the parasites’ ability to establish a colony.
Opossums exhibit meticulous grooming habits. They frequently use their paws and mouths to clean their fur, actively removing external parasites. This consistent grooming dislodges and eliminates fleas before they multiply. They also possess a robust immune system that combats many pathogens, contributing to their resilience against various parasites and diseases.
Other Health Considerations
While not ideal hosts for fleas, opossums are wild animals and can carry other parasites. Ticks are commonly found on opossums, but these marsupials remove many ticks through constant grooming. This reduces the tick population in their environment, benefiting other wildlife and humans.
Opossums can host internal parasites, such as worms. These internal parasites are generally not a direct concern for humans unless there is direct contact with feces. Regarding disease transmission, opossums exhibit a notable resistance to rabies. Their lower body temperature creates an unfavorable environment for the rabies virus, making transmission extremely rare.
Living Alongside Opossums
Observing opossums from a distance is always recommended, as they are wild animals. They are not aggressive and prefer to avoid confrontation, often “playing possum” when threatened. Their presence in a yard can be beneficial due to their role in consuming ticks and other pests.
To discourage opossums from becoming comfortable in residential areas, secure food sources. This includes removing pet food, ensuring trash cans have tight lids, and harvesting ripe fruits. Sealing any openings under sheds or decks can also prevent them from establishing dens close to human dwellings. Never attempt to handle an opossum; if an animal appears injured or in distress, contact local wildlife rehabilitation services.