Moles are common skin growths, typically small, colored spots on the skin. Most adults have between 10 and 45 moles. Many people wonder if non-cancerous moles normally grow or change over time. Understanding the typical behavior of benign moles helps distinguish normal changes from those that might warrant closer attention.
How Non-Cancerous Moles Typically Grow
Non-cancerous moles can grow and change throughout a person’s life. These changes are often a normal part of the mole’s life cycle. Moles commonly appear during childhood and adolescence, developing until around age 40. Initially, many moles are flat and appear tan, pink, brown, or black, resembling a freckle.
As an individual grows, existing moles can also grow proportionally with the body. Over time, moles may enlarge, become more raised, or even develop hairs. Some moles might lighten, while others may darken, particularly with sun exposure. Hormonal fluctuations, such as during puberty or pregnancy, can also cause moles to become darker and larger, and new moles may emerge.
Changes That Warrant Attention
While some mole changes are normal, certain characteristics suggest evaluation. A mole that looks different from other moles, sometimes called the “ugly duckling” sign, warrants attention. The “ABCDE” rule serves as a helpful guide for observing changes in moles that may not be typical.
The ABCDE rule outlines specific characteristics to watch for:
Asymmetry (A): Two halves of the mole do not match if an imaginary line is drawn through it.
Borders (B): Irregular, notched, scalloped, or poorly defined edges.
Color (C): Variations within a single mole, including different shades of brown, tan, black, red, white, or blue.
Diameter (D): Larger than 6 millimeters, roughly the size of a pencil eraser.
Evolution (E): Any change in size, shape, color, or texture, or new symptoms like itching, bleeding, or crusting.
When to Consult a Professional
It is important to seek medical advice if any mole exhibits the atypical changes described by the ABCDE rule. Prompt evaluation is also recommended for any new moles that appear after age 30, or if an existing mole becomes itchy, painful, bleeds, or oozes. These specific signs, beyond simple growth or color variation, can indicate a need for professional assessment.
Regular monthly self-skin checks are a practical way to monitor for new moles or changes. During these self-exams, use a full-length mirror and a hand mirror to inspect all areas of the body, including less visible spots. Annual full-body skin exams by a dermatologist are recommended for most adults. Individuals with risk factors, such as a family history of skin cancer or numerous moles, may need more frequent screenings. Early detection of concerning changes significantly improves treatment outcomes.