Moose are present in Michigan, inhabiting the state’s rugged northern landscapes. These large mammals are a distinct, though often elusive, component of Michigan’s wildlife. Their presence contributes to the natural diversity of the region.
Where Moose Reside in Michigan
Moose primarily inhabit Michigan’s Upper Peninsula, where two distinct populations exist. The larger herd is in the western Upper Peninsula, spanning parts of Marquette, Baraga, and Iron counties. A smaller group resides in the eastern Upper Peninsula, found across portions of Alger, Schoolcraft, Luce, and Chippewa counties.
Moose favor specific habitats, thriving in boreal forest environments. They seek young trees, dense shrubs, cedar swamps, and marshes. Alder-willow thickets near lakes, rivers, and streams also provide preferred conditions. Moose are drawn to areas with standing water, such as ponds and swamps, and new clear-cuts with aspen and red maple shoots offer abundant forage.
Michigan’s Moose Population and History
Moose are native to Michigan, but their populations faced significant decline by the late 1800s. This was due to habitat loss from extensive logging, unregulated hunting, and a parasitic brainworm. The brainworm, carried by white-tailed deer and fatal to moose, also contributed to their disappearance from the Lower Peninsula and near eradication in the Upper Peninsula.
An initial reintroduction attempt between 1934 and 1937 moved 71 moose from Isle Royale to the Upper Peninsula mainland. This effort proved unsuccessful, as many translocated moose were in poor condition and succumbed to infections, likely including brainworm.
A more successful reintroduction, known as the “Moose Lift,” occurred in the mid-1980s. In 1985, 29 moose were airlifted from Algonquin Provincial Park in Ontario, Canada, and released into Marquette County. A second transfer in 1987 brought 30 additional moose from Ontario to the same area.
The goal of these reintroduction efforts was to establish a self-sustaining population, with an objective of reaching 1,000 moose by 2000. A 2023 survey estimates the western Upper Peninsula moose population at approximately 426 individuals (range: 334-518). This number is not statistically different from the 509 estimated in 2019, indicating population growth has slowed to less than one percent per year since 2009. The eastern Upper Peninsula herd, estimated at fewer than 100 moose, is not systematically surveyed. Factors like lower birth rates, disease, parasites, and vehicle collisions contribute to the slower-than-expected population growth.
Viewing Moose in Michigan
Observing moose in Michigan requires patience and an understanding of their habits. The best times for sightings are during early morning and evening hours, as moose are most active during dawn and dusk. Late fall, winter, and early spring, before dense foliage emerges, also increase visibility. During the rutting season in September and October, bull moose are more mobile and visible.
In the western Upper Peninsula, areas around Van Riper State Park, Tracy Creek Road, Peshekee Grade Road, and the vicinities of Ishpeming, Republic, Champion, Michigamme, and Three Lakes offer viewing opportunities. Specific roads like U.S. 41 west of Ishpeming, M-95 north of Republic, and U.S. 141 north of Amasa are known for sightings. For the eastern Upper Peninsula, Tahquamenon Falls State Park, Seney National Wildlife Refuge, and areas north of Newberry in Luce County are prime locations. Luce County is recognized as the “Moose Capital of Michigan.”
When viewing moose, practice ethical wildlife observation. Maintain a safe distance and avoid disturbing the animals or their natural habitat. If driving, pull safely off the road to observe, being mindful of traffic. Approaching moose, especially cows with calves or bulls during the rut, can be dangerous as these large animals are unpredictable.