It is a common question whether moles, known for their subterranean lives, ever venture above ground during the day. Given their elusive nature, it can be surprising to encounter one on the surface. While moles spend most of their time out of sight, there are specific circumstances when they might appear above ground, even in daylight. Understanding their usual habits helps clarify why these rare daytime sightings occur.
Understanding Mole Habits
Moles are subterranean mammals, spending nearly all their lives within intricate networks of underground tunnels. These tunnels serve as their hunting grounds and living spaces. They are not strictly nocturnal or diurnal but exhibit a cyclic pattern of activity throughout both day and night, alternating between digging and resting. Their activity peaks during the cooler parts of the day, such as early mornings and late evenings.
Moles are constantly tunneling and foraging for food to support their high metabolism. Their diet primarily consists of earthworms, grubs, and other soil-dwelling invertebrates. While their tunneling can disrupt plant roots, moles do not eat plants; the damage is an inadvertent consequence of their search for food. They prefer moist, loose soil, as it is easier to dig through and harbors more prey.
Why Moles Appear During the Day
While moles remain underground, there are several natural reasons why one might be observed above ground during daylight hours. One common reason is foraging for food, especially after heavy rain. Rain softens the soil, making it easier for moles to dig and pushing earthworms closer to the surface, which provides an accessible food source. Moles may also briefly emerge to clear debris from their tunnels or for air.
Young moles often surface as they disperse from their mother’s territory to establish their own tunnel systems. This dispersal occurs from spring through late fall. Moles might also emerge if their tunnels are flooded due to heavy rainfall, or if they encounter obstacles, forcing them to detour above ground. Seeking mates can also lead male moles to surface, particularly in the spring.
When to Be Concerned About a Daytime Sighting
Observing a mole above ground during the day is not always a cause for concern, but certain behaviors can indicate distress or illness. A mole that appears disoriented, moves erratically, or seems lethargic could be sick or injured. Other signs of concern include aggressive behavior, circling, or unusual vocalizations. Such behaviors are atypical for moles, which try to avoid open spaces and predators.
A mole exhibiting these concerning symptoms might be suffering from poisoning, an injury, or an underlying illness. While rabies is extremely rare in moles, it is always wise to exercise caution when encountering any wild animal behaving unusually. If a mole appears distressed, it is important to avoid direct contact with it. Instead, contact local animal control, a wildlife rehabilitator, or a pest control professional for guidance and assistance.