Milkweed assassin bugs are efficient insect predators found in various environments, from gardens to agricultural fields. They play a significant role in their ecosystems by helping to manage pest populations.
Getting to Know Milkweed Assassin Bugs
Adult milkweed assassin bugs typically measure between 1/2 inch and 1 inch. They are easily identified by vibrant red or orange bodies, black legs, and long, slender black antennae. A distinctive feature is their needle-like rostrum, orange at its base and dark at the tip. Their front legs can be sticky, aiding in trapping prey.
These insects are widely distributed, commonly found in gardens, agricultural fields, and natural vegetation. They are active during the day, often hunting among plant foliage. As generalist predators, they feed on a diverse array of insects, including common garden pests like flies, mosquitoes, beetles, aphids, armyworms, and caterpillars. They employ an ambush strategy, patiently waiting before seizing prey.
Once they capture prey, milkweed assassin bugs inject salivary secretions that immobilize the victim and dissolve its internal tissues. They then use their rostrum to suck up the liquefied contents. These capable hunters can subdue insects up to six times their own size.
The Truth About Their Bites
Milkweed assassin bugs can bite humans. They do not aggressively seek humans as prey; instead, bites occur defensively. This happens primarily when they feel threatened, are handled carelessly, or are accidentally contacted.
When a milkweed assassin bug bites, it uses its rostrum to inject salivary secretions. These secretions, effective at dissolving insect tissues, can cause localized cellular damage at the human bite site. The saliva is not considered a true toxin to humans.
What to Expect After a Bite
A bite from a milkweed assassin bug causes a sharp, intense burning sensation, often compared to a bee sting. Common symptoms include localized redness, swelling, and an itchy lump. This lump may persist for several days. Adult bugs may deliver a more severe bite than nymphs.
Reactions to these bites are generally mild and temporary. To manage symptoms, clean the bite area. Applying a cold compress, using over-the-counter pain relievers, or topical treatments like calamine lotion can help alleviate pain, itching, and swelling. Seek medical attention if signs of infection, widespread hives, difficulty breathing, or other severe allergic reactions occur.
Avoiding Encounters
Preventing bites involves minimizing direct interaction. Avoid handling these insects. Gardeners should remain aware of their presence, especially in dense foliage. Their bright orange and black colors serve as a visual warning.
Wearing gardening gloves provides a protective barrier when working in areas where they might be present. If encountered, gently encourage it to move away with a tool; adults fly off, and nymphs drop to the ground. They are not aggressive and only bite if provoked.