June bugs, also known as May beetles, are a type of scarab beetle that appear in late spring and early summer. These insects measure between half an inch to one inch, with thick, oval-shaped bodies. Their coloration can range from reddish-brown to dark brown, and some species exhibit a metallic green hue. June bugs are a familiar sight in many parts of North America as the weather warms.
Understanding June Bug Flight
June bugs can fly, though their aerial movements often appear clumsy, utilizing two sets of wings. The outer pair consists of hardened wing covers called elytra, which protect the more delicate flight wings tucked underneath. During flight, the elytra lift and spread out, while the membranous hindwings beat rapidly to generate lift and propulsion. This design, with a heavy body and relatively small flight wings, contributes to their less-than-graceful maneuverability, often leading them to collide with objects. As they fly, June bugs produce a distinct buzzing or droning sound, which is a result of their wings beating at high speed.
The Purpose and Timing of Flight
The flight of June bugs is primarily linked to their adult life stage, which focuses on reproduction. Adult June bugs emerge from the soil in late May and early June, marking the beginning of their active period. They are nocturnal insects, meaning their flight activity occurs predominantly at night. During these nocturnal flights, June bugs seek mates and food sources, such as the foliage of trees and shrubs. A notable aspect of their behavior is their strong attraction to light sources, which can draw them to porch lights and streetlights. This attraction, known as phototaxis, can disorient them, as they may mistake artificial lights for natural navigational cues like the moon.
Interacting with Flying June Bugs
Encounters with flying June bugs are common during their active season. Despite their sometimes startling appearance or clumsy flight, June bugs are generally harmless to humans. They do not bite or sting and pose no direct threat to people or pets. If a June bug flies near or into a person, the recommended response is to remain calm. While their legs have small, spiny protrusions that might cause a slight pinching sensation if they land on you, they are easy to gently brush away or catch by hand. Their attraction to artificial lights means they frequently congregate around illuminated areas, leading to more frequent interactions in outdoor settings.