Hemorrhoids are a widespread condition. These swollen veins, inside or outside the rectum and anus, often cause discomfort. This article discusses internal hemorrhoids, their natural resolution, and management and prevention strategies.
What Are Internal Hemorrhoids?
Internal hemorrhoids are swollen veins inside the rectum, above the dentate line. Unlike external hemorrhoids, which form around the anus, internal hemorrhoids are typically not visible or palpable unless they prolapse. They often cause no pain because the rectal lining in this region has few pain-sensing nerves.
These vascular cushions aid in stool continence but become problematic when they swell. Increased pressure in the lower rectum is a common cause. Factors contributing to this include straining during bowel movements, chronic constipation or diarrhea, prolonged sitting on the toilet, and conditions like pregnancy or regularly lifting heavy objects.
Do Internal Hemorrhoids Resolve Naturally?
Many internal hemorrhoids, especially mild ones, can resolve on their own without medical intervention. This natural healing often occurs over a few days to several weeks.
The severity of the hemorrhoid plays a role in its resolution. Milder cases, such as those that bulge but do not prolapse, are most likely to heal spontaneously. However, larger internal hemorrhoids or those that prolapse may take longer to subside and require more persistent management. While symptoms like pain and bleeding may lessen, the underlying swollen tissue might not completely disappear without targeted treatment.
Addressing factors that led to their formation can reduce inflammation and allow veins to return to a less symptomatic state. If symptoms persist beyond a week or two, or worsen, seeking medical advice is appropriate.
When to Seek Medical Attention
While many internal hemorrhoids improve with at-home care, certain symptoms indicate medical attention is appropriate. Persistent rectal bleeding is a concern, especially if it is bright red blood on toilet paper, in the toilet bowl, or mixed with stool. Although often associated with hemorrhoids, rectal bleeding can also be a symptom of more serious conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease, anal fissures, or colorectal cancer.
Consult a healthcare provider if symptoms do not improve within about a week of home treatment. Also seek medical attention for severe pain, which internal hemorrhoids typically do not cause unless prolapsed or thrombosed. A prolapsed hemorrhoid that cannot be gently pushed back inside, or causes discomfort, warrants medical evaluation. Any new or worsening symptoms, such as changes in bowel habits, dark red or tarry stools, or unexplained weight loss, also necessitate prompt medical assessment.
Managing Symptoms and Preventing Recurrence
Managing internal hemorrhoid symptoms and preventing recurrence involves self-care strategies and lifestyle modifications. Increasing dietary fiber intake is foundational, as it softens stool and adds bulk, making bowel movements easier and reducing straining.
Adequate hydration, by drinking plenty of water, complements fiber intake by keeping stools soft and preventing constipation. Avoiding prolonged sitting, especially on the toilet, helps reduce pressure on rectal veins. Regular physical activity promotes healthy digestion and bowel regularity, minimizing hemorrhoid risk.
Practicing proper toilet habits, such as responding to the urge to have a bowel movement without delay and avoiding straining, is helpful. Using a sitz bath, a warm water soak, can provide relief from discomfort and reduce inflammation. These lifestyle adjustments play a role in alleviating symptoms and reducing future flare-ups.