A common question arises about their dental features: do iguanas have teeth? The answer is yes, they certainly do. These reptiles possess specialized teeth that are perfectly adapted for their lifestyle, and understanding these unique dental features provides insight into their biology and behavior.
Understanding Iguana Dentition
Iguanas are equipped with numerous small, sharp teeth that line the inner edges of their jaws. Their teeth are serrated, which aids in processing their diet. Unlike mammals whose teeth are rooted in sockets, iguana teeth are “pleurodont,” meaning they are attached to the inner side of the jawbone, not fused to the top like acrodont teeth found in some other reptiles.
These teeth are also transparent, which can make them appear smaller or even absent to the naked eye. An adult iguana can have between 80 to 120 teeth at any given time, arranged in four quadrants of their mouth.
The Purpose of Their Teeth
The primary function of an iguana’s teeth is directly related to its herbivorous diet. Their sharp, serrated teeth are designed for efficiently tearing and shredding plant material. They use these specialized teeth to process tough leaves, various fruits, and flowers.
While their teeth are primarily used for feeding, they also serve a secondary purpose in defense. If an iguana feels threatened or provoked, its bite can be a powerful deterrent. The strong jaws combined with sharp teeth can inflict painful wounds. However, their teeth are not designed for predatory actions, but rather for their plant-based sustenance.
How Iguanas Replace Their Teeth
Iguanas exhibit a unique dental characteristic known as polyphyodonty, meaning they continuously replace their teeth throughout their entire lives. Old teeth are shed regularly, and new ones grow in to take their place.
This continuous replacement happens in a wave-like fashion along the jaw, with new teeth forming and growing beneath the existing ones. When a functional tooth is shed or broken, a replacement tooth quickly develops and fuses to the jawbone. This constant cycle is crucial for maintaining their ability to effectively consume and process plant matter, supporting their overall dental health and survival.
What to Know About Iguana Bites
An iguana bite, while not venomous, can still cause significant injury due to their sharp, serrated teeth and strong jaws. Their bites can result in deep lacerations, tears, and puncture wounds that often require medical attention.
Iguanas can carry bacteria, such as Salmonella, which can be transmitted through a bite if the skin is broken, increasing the risk of infection. If bitten, it is important to clean the wound thoroughly with soap and water and seek medical attention, especially if the bite breaks the skin. Avoiding provocation and handling iguanas carefully are key steps to prevent bites.