A mammogram is a specialized X-ray of the breast tissue used for screening and diagnosis of breast cancer. The process involves gently compressing the breast between two plates to spread the tissue and obtain a clear image for a radiologist to analyze. Regarding preparation, the most common question is whether underarm hair must be removed; the answer is no, shaving is not required before this procedure.
The Question of Underarm Hair Removal
Underarm hair has no bearing on the mammography machine’s ability to capture a clear image. Hair is biologically transparent to the low-dose X-rays used during the exam; it does not absorb radiation or cast a shadow. The imaging focus is on the internal structure of the breast, not the surface of the skin or the axilla.
Any decision to shave or not shave is purely a matter of personal comfort or preference and will not impact the quality of the results. If you choose to shave, do so carefully to avoid nicks or irritation, which could cause discomfort when the area is positioned and slightly compressed during imaging. The persistent myth likely stems from the need to keep the underarm area completely free of all topical products.
The Problem with Deodorants and Powders
While hair is not an issue, products applied to the underarm are the biggest potential source of error in a mammogram image. Deodorants, antiperspirants, body powders, and even some lotions must be avoided on the day of the exam. The interference occurs because these products frequently contain metallic compounds, most commonly aluminum, which are designed to block sweat ducts.
These metallic particles are dense and absorb the X-rays, appearing as bright white specks on the final image. This is problematic because these white spots mimic calcifications, which are small calcium deposits in the breast tissue. Calcifications are usually benign, but certain patterns can be an early indicator of breast cancer.
The radiologist cannot distinguish between a harmless artifact from deodorant residue and a true calcification, which can lead to confusing or inconclusive results. This confusion often necessitates a patient being called back for additional testing, such as a diagnostic mammogram or an ultrasound. Avoiding all such products ensures the clearest possible image, reducing the chance of a false-positive reading.
It is recommended to thoroughly wash the chest and underarm area on the morning of the appointment to remove any lingering residue. If you forget or do not have time to shower, most imaging facilities keep cleansing wipes on hand to ensure the area can be cleaned immediately before the procedure begins. This simple step is the single most important preparation to guarantee a high-quality, readable mammogram.
A Complete Mammogram Preparation Checklist
Beyond avoiding topical products, several steps can help ensure the appointment proceeds smoothly. To make the undressing process easier, wear a two-piece outfit, such as a shirt and pants or skirt, since you will need to remove clothing only from the waist up. This allows you to remain dressed and comfortable during the short time you are in the imaging room.
If you are still menstruating, schedule your mammogram for the week following your period, as breasts are typically least tender then. Hormonal fluctuations can cause breast tissue to become swollen or sensitive, potentially making the compression part of the exam more uncomfortable. Taking a mild, over-the-counter pain reliever about an hour before the appointment may also help minimize any discomfort from the necessary compression.
If this is your first time at the facility, bring any prior mammogram images or reports from other clinics. Comparing current images to previous ones is standard practice, allowing the radiologist to identify subtle changes in the breast tissue over time. Informing the technologist of any recent changes or existing symptoms, such as a lump or discharge, ensures the most complete examination.