Huntsman spiders, known for their large size and rapid movements, often cause alarm. These arachnids are typically brown or grey, with long, hairy legs spanning up to 15 centimeters. Their flattened bodies allow them to fit into narrow spaces, often leading to unexpected appearances in homes. Their speed and size lead many to wonder about their potential danger.
Do Huntsman Spiders Bite?
Huntsman spiders are capable of biting, though incidents are uncommon and usually defensive. They do not actively seek out humans, preferring to retreat when confronted. Bites are almost always a defensive response, occurring when the spider feels threatened, trapped, or mishandled. This might happen if a spider is accidentally pressed against skin, or if a female is protecting her egg sac or young. A huntsman spider may display a warning by rearing up and waving its front legs before biting.
What to Expect After a Huntsman Bite
If a bite occurs, the effects are generally mild and localized. Common symptoms include immediate pain at the bite site, with swelling, redness, and itchiness. While their fangs can puncture skin, huntsman venom is not considered highly potent or dangerous to humans. Rarely, individuals might experience systemic reactions such as nausea or headaches.
For first aid, clean the bite area thoroughly with soap and water. Applying a cold pack or ice can reduce swelling and alleviate pain. Over-the-counter pain relievers can also be used for discomfort. Medical attention is advisable if symptoms worsen, persist, or if signs of an allergic reaction, such as difficulty breathing, swelling of the throat, or a swollen tongue, develop. Do not apply a pressure bandage, as this can increase discomfort.
Understanding Huntsman Spider Behavior
Huntsman spiders are shy and non-aggressive, preferring to avoid humans. Unlike other spider species, huntsmen do not build webs to catch prey. Instead, they are active nocturnal hunters, relying on speed and agility to pursue and capture insects like cockroaches, moths, and flies. This makes them beneficial for natural pest control.
Huntsman spiders often enter homes seeking shelter from extreme weather or in search of prey. Their flattened bodies allow them to squeeze through small gaps and cracks under doors or around windows. Their presence indoors often indicates an available food source.
Living Alongside Huntsman Spiders
To prevent huntsman spiders from entering homes, sealing potential entry points is a practical step. Inspect and seal cracks and gaps around windows, doors, and utility pipes. Ensuring window screens are intact can also limit their access. Reducing clutter inside the home, especially in storage areas, removes potential hiding spots for these spiders.
Controlling other household pests can also discourage huntsman spiders, as they are drawn to areas with an abundant food supply. Some natural deterrents, such as diluted essential oils like peppermint, tea tree, or citrus, can be sprayed around entry points, as spiders dislike these scents. If a huntsman spider is found indoors, a safe removal method involves placing a container over it and sliding paper underneath to trap it. The spider can then be released outdoors near a tree or other natural hiding spot.