Hearing aids are sophisticated electronic devices designed to amplify sound, helping individuals with hearing loss to perceive speech and environmental sounds more clearly. Like all electronic equipment, these devices are subject to wear and tear over time. Therefore, hearing aids do wear out and eventually require replacement to maintain optimal performance.
Common Causes of Wear
Operating daily in challenging environments, hearing aids are susceptible to degradation. Moisture, primarily from sweat and humidity, poses a significant threat to internal electronic components, leading to corrosion and malfunction. Even slight exposure to rain or steam can cause damage. Earwax, a naturally occurring substance in the ear canal, can accumulate in the hearing aid’s ports and receivers, blocking sound and affecting functionality.
Dust and other environmental debris can infiltrate the device, potentially interfering with microphones or causing internal blockages. Physical impacts, such as accidental drops, can misalign internal components or cause visible cracks in the casing, leading to performance issues or complete failure. Constant vibration and daily use contribute to general component fatigue. Exposure to extreme temperatures, both hot and cold, can also negatively affect device performance and lifespan.
Indications of Degradation
Recognizing the signs of a deteriorating hearing aid helps users address issues proactively. Distorted or muffled sound, where speech or other sounds lack clarity, is a common indication. Users may also notice reduced overall volume, even at maximum amplification. Intermittent function, where sound cuts in and out unexpectedly, often points to an underlying problem.
An increase in buzzing or whistling sounds, known as feedback, that is not related to how the hearing aid is inserted or positioned, can signal internal issues or a poor fit. If the device fails to turn on despite fresh batteries, it suggests a more serious internal malfunction. Visible physical damage, such as cracks in the casing, frayed wires, or corrosion on battery contacts, are clear signs that the hearing aid’s integrity is compromised. If batteries begin draining much faster than usual, it can indicate a problem with the device’s power consumption.
Maximizing Hearing Aid Lifespan
Consistent care extends hearing aid lifespan. Daily cleaning is essential: gently wipe devices with a soft, dry cloth to remove dirt, oils, and earwax. Using specialized cleaning tools, often provided by an audiologist, helps clear wax from small openings and vents. Avoid using water or cleaning agents directly on hearing aids, as moisture damages delicate internal electronics.
Proper storage protects hearing aids when not in use; keep them in a cool, dry place, ideally in a protective case. Many users benefit from a hearing aid dehumidifier or drying kit, especially in humid climates or if they sweat frequently, as these actively remove moisture. Removing batteries at night and leaving the compartment open allows moisture to evaporate, preventing corrosion.
Battery care also contributes to longevity. For disposable batteries, ensure hands are clean and dry before handling to avoid transferring oils or moisture. For rechargeable models, follow manufacturer’s charging instructions to maintain battery health. Avoid extreme temperatures, such as leaving hearing aids in a hot car or direct sunlight, to prevent damage to components and batteries. Regular professional maintenance with an audiologist allows for thorough cleaning, adjustments, and early detection of issues, preventing costly repairs.
Knowing When to Replace
Even with proper care, hearing aids eventually require replacement. The average lifespan for most modern hearing aids ranges from three to seven years. Lifespan varies based on device quality, style, and maintenance. For instance, completely-in-the-canal (CIC) styles, deeper in the ear canal, may last up to three years, shorter than behind-the-ear (BTE) models due to increased moisture and earwax exposure.
A significant change in hearing prescription may necessitate new devices, as current aids might no longer adequately address evolved hearing loss. If repairs become frequent and costly, or if replacement parts are no longer available from the manufacturer, upgrading is often the more practical solution. Regular advancements in hearing aid technology offer improved sound processing, connectivity (e.g., Bluetooth), and better performance in challenging listening environments. Consult an audiologist to assess current hearing needs, evaluate existing devices, and determine if new technology offers significant benefit.