Braces are a common orthodontic treatment. Some individuals worry about their impact on gum health, specifically gum recession. Understanding this helps maintain healthy gums during treatment.
Understanding Gum Recession and Braces
Gum recession is when gum tissue pulls back from the teeth. This can make teeth appear longer and cause sensitivity. Exposed roots lack enamel, making them vulnerable to decay and discomfort.
Braces do not directly cause gum recession but can contribute to it or worsen existing conditions. The pressure from orthodontic appliances to move teeth can affect surrounding gum tissue and bone. While necessary for alignment, this pressure might lead to gums pulling back, though it’s not inevitable.
Factors Contributing to Gum Recession During Orthodontic Treatment
Several factors can contribute to gum recession during orthodontic treatment. Poor oral hygiene is a significant contributor, as braces create areas where food and plaque accumulate. If not meticulously removed, plaque leads to gingivitis and progresses to gum disease and recession.
Aggressive brushing techniques also contribute to gum recession. Too much force or a hard-bristled toothbrush wears away delicate gum tissue, causing it to pull back. This mechanical trauma, especially with braces, can further irritate gums. Signs include frayed toothbrush bristles and wear at the gumline.
Pre-existing gum conditions or anatomical factors can increase susceptibility to gum recession during orthodontic treatment. Individuals with naturally thin gum tissue or a history of gum disease are more prone, as their gums are less resilient to tooth movement forces. Misaligned teeth can create gum pressure points, leading to recession that orthodontic treatment aims to correct or may initially highlight.
While less common, orthodontic force itself can contribute to recession if not carefully managed. Excessive or improperly applied force can cause teeth to move faster than surrounding bone and soft tissue adapt. This rapid movement may strain supporting structures, potentially leading to bone loss and subsequent gum recession. Proper treatment planning and gradual tooth movement by the orthodontist minimize this risk.
Preventing Gum Recession While Wearing Braces
Preventing gum recession during orthodontic treatment involves consistent oral hygiene. Brush at least twice daily for two to three minutes with a soft-bristled toothbrush, using gentle, circular motions around brackets and along the gumline. Daily flossing is equally important; floss threaders or water flossers help clean around wires. An antimicrobial mouthwash can further reduce plaque and gum inflammation.
Regular dental check-ups and professional cleanings are also important for individuals with braces. These appointments allow dental professionals to remove missed plaque and tartar, and to monitor gum health for early issues. Early detection prevents minor gum inflammation from progressing to significant recession.
Dietary considerations also play a role in maintaining gum health during orthodontic treatment. Avoiding sugary or acidic foods reduces plaque formation and enamel erosion. Additionally, steering clear of hard or sticky foods prevents damage to braces and gum irritation.
Maintaining open communication with your orthodontist is important. Report any gum sensitivity, bleeding, or noticeable changes in gum appearance for assessment. They can ensure braces are properly fitted and adjusted, minimizing irritation and pressure. Avoiding habits like tobacco use and teeth grinding further supports gum health.
Addressing Gum Recession
If gum recession is observed during or after orthodontic treatment, consult dental professionals promptly. An orthodontist can assess the situation and may refer to a periodontist. This ensures comprehensive evaluation and management of gum health.
Treatment options for gum recession vary depending on severity and underlying causes. Initial steps may include professional cleaning, such as scaling and root planing, to remove plaque and tartar below the gumline if gum disease contributes. In advanced cases, surgical interventions like gum grafting may be considered.
Gum grafting involves taking a small piece of healthy gum tissue from another area of the mouth and attaching it to the receded area to cover the exposed root. While receded gum tissue cannot grow back, these procedures aim to cover exposed roots, reduce sensitivity, and improve aesthetics. Continued monitoring of gum health during and after orthodontic treatment is important to ensure stability and address new concerns.