Osseous surgery, a common periodontal procedure, addresses advanced gum disease by reshaping the bone supporting the teeth. Patients often wonder about the appearance and health of their gums following this surgery. Understanding how gum tissue responds to osseous surgery can clarify expectations and promote healing.
Understanding Osseous Surgery
Osseous surgery, also known as pocket reduction surgery, treats moderate to severe periodontitis. Its goal is to reduce or eliminate deep periodontal pockets that form between the gums and teeth due to bacterial infection. These pockets harbor harmful bacteria, leading to further bone loss and potential tooth instability if left untreated.
During the procedure, a periodontist makes incisions in the gum tissue to access the underlying bone and tooth roots. They remove infected tissue and bacteria, then smooth and reshape the bone to create a healthier contour. This recontouring makes it more difficult for bacteria to accumulate and allows the gums to reattach more securely to the teeth.
How Gum Tissue Responds to Osseous Surgery
Gums do not “grow back” in the sense of regenerating lost tissue after osseous surgery. Instead, the existing gum tissue heals by re-attaching to the newly reshaped bone and tooth roots. Gum recession is an expected outcome of osseous surgery, as it reduces pocket depth and exposes more tooth surface, making it easier to clean and maintain good oral hygiene.
This process involves “apical repositioning.” This means the gum tissue is sutured into a position closer to the tooth root, effectively shrinking the periodontal pockets. While the gum tissue does not regenerate to its original pre-disease height, it adapts to the new underlying bone contour, creating a more stable and maintainable environment.
Promoting Healing and Gum Health
Following post-operative instructions is important for healing after osseous surgery. Patients should adhere to prescribed medications, including pain relievers and antibiotics, to manage discomfort and prevent infection. For the first few days, a diet of soft, cool foods is recommended, and hot, hard, or spicy foods should be avoided. It is also suggested to avoid using straws, as the suction can dislodge blood clots and slow healing.
Oral hygiene around the surgical site requires specific attention. Patients should gently brush untreated areas, while avoiding the surgical site as instructed by their periodontist, often for about a week. Regular dental check-ups and professional cleanings are important to prevent new pocket formation and maintain long-term gum health. Avoiding smoking is also recommended, as it impairs the healing process.