The appearance of flying termites can be concerning for homeowners, often leading to questions about potential harm, particularly if these insects bite. While generally not a direct threat to humans, their emergence is a clear indication of an established termite colony nearby, signaling a need for attention to prevent structural damage to property.
Identifying Flying Termites
Flying termites are the reproductive members of a termite colony, known as alates or swarmers. Their primary function is to leave their existing colony, mate, and establish new ones. These insects are often mistaken for other winged insects, but they possess distinct physical characteristics that aid in identification. Flying termites typically measure around three-eighths of an inch long, though their size can vary slightly by species.
A key identifying feature is their four wings, which are all of equal size and extend significantly beyond their bodies. Flying termites also have straight antennae and a broad waist, where their thorax and abdomen are roughly the same width.
The Truth About Flying Termite Bites
Flying termites do not typically bite humans. Their mandibles are designed for chewing wood and other cellulose materials, not for defense or feeding on humans. Their primary role is reproduction and colony expansion, and they are not aggressive.
Even if a flying termite makes contact, any “bite” would be accidental and unlikely to break the skin or cause harm. Termite saliva is not harmful, and any minor irritation would heal quickly. The soldier caste of termites possesses larger mandibles for defense, but flying termites are not soldiers and are unlikely to bite humans.
Distinguishing Flying Termites from Other Pests
Flying termites are often confused with other winged insects, most commonly flying ants. Key differences help distinguish them. Flying termites have two pairs of wings that are equal in length and often appear translucent. Flying ants, however, have front wings noticeably longer than their back wings.
Their antennae also differ. Flying termites have straight, bead-like antennae, while flying ants possess bent or “elbowed” antennae. Termites have a broad waist, with little to no constriction between their thorax and abdomen, giving them a uniform appearance. Flying ants, in contrast, have a distinct pinched or narrow waist, creating a segmented body.
What to Do When You Spot Flying Termites
The presence of flying termites, especially indoors, is a strong indicator of a mature termite colony nearby, potentially within the structure of a home. These alates emerge from existing colonies to mate and establish new ones, making their appearance a significant warning sign of a potential infestation. Observing them inside suggests an active colony is either in or very close to the house.
While temporary measures like vacuuming up visible swarmers can remove them, this does not address the underlying issue of an active colony. Contacting a pest control professional for a thorough inspection and treatment is recommended to prevent further structural damage. Professional intervention is essential because termites can cause extensive damage to wooden structures over time, often hidden from view.