Edibles are cannabis-infused products consumed orally. Unlike inhalation, edibles have a delayed onset of effects as they are processed through the digestive system. This leads to questions about their physiological impacts, especially on cardiovascular function. This article explores whether edibles can cause low blood pressure and the factors influencing this response.
How Edibles Affect Blood Pressure
Edibles can cause a temporary reduction in blood pressure. Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the primary psychoactive compound in cannabis, interacts with the body’s endocannabinoid system, which regulates cardiovascular functions. This interaction can lead to vasodilation, the widening of blood vessels. When blood vessels expand, blood flow resistance decreases, resulting in a drop in blood pressure.
While cannabis use can sometimes cause an initial, temporary increase in heart rate, this is often followed by a sustained decrease in blood pressure. This effect is dose-dependent, with higher THC amounts potentially leading to pronounced drops. Studies show reductions in blood pressure, especially in older adults with hypertension.
Individual Factors and Risk
The way edibles influence blood pressure varies among individuals, influenced by several factors. A higher THC dosage increases the likelihood and magnitude of a blood pressure drop. Individual sensitivity and metabolism also play a role, meaning two people consuming the same dose might experience different effects.
Pre-existing medical conditions can heighten the risk of a significant blood pressure reduction. Individuals with low blood pressure or certain heart conditions may be more susceptible. Edibles can also interact with medications, such as blood pressure-lowering drugs, potentially amplifying the hypotensive effect. The delayed onset and prolonged duration of effects make it challenging to gauge the appropriate dose, increasing the risk of overconsumption.
Recognizing and Addressing Low Blood Pressure
Recognizing the symptoms of low blood pressure is important for those who consume edibles. Common signs include dizziness, lightheadedness, blurred vision, fatigue, and nausea. Fainting, especially when standing up quickly, can also occur.
If these symptoms arise, immediate steps can help manage the situation. Lying down and elevating the legs can improve blood flow to the brain. Staying hydrated is also advisable. Avoiding sudden changes in position helps prevent dizziness or fainting.
If symptoms are severe, prolonged, or involve loss of consciousness, seek medical attention. A prudent approach is to start with a very low dose and allow ample time for effects to manifest before considering additional consumption.