Earwigs, recognized by their elongated bodies and distinctive pincers at their rear, are common insects measuring between 5 to 25 millimeters in length. These insects frequently inhabit dark, moist environments, often found under rocks, mulch, leaf litter, and in various cracks and crevices. While their appearance might seem intimidating, earwigs are generally harmless to humans. They are a familiar sight in gardens, leading many to wonder about their fate as colder temperatures arrive.
Earwig Winter Survival
Earwigs typically survive the winter months by employing specific overwintering strategies rather than succumbing to the cold. As temperatures drop, they seek sheltered locations to escape harsh conditions. Many earwigs burrow into the soil to hibernate, sometimes digging as deep as six feet underground to find refuge from the cold.
These insects also utilize other protected natural spaces for overwintering, such as beneath rocks, logs, or dense leaf litter. Inside these shelters, earwigs enter a state of dormancy, which is a period of reduced activity that helps them conserve energy. Mating often occurs in the fall, and male and female earwigs will overwinter together in an underground nest. While a significant portion of earwigs successfully overwinter, studies indicate that 60% to 90% of females might not survive the winter in certain environmental conditions.
Emergence in Warmer Months
As winter recedes and the ground begins to thaw, female earwigs emerge from their overwintering sites in early spring. This marks the beginning of their active reproductive cycle. Females then lay eggs, typically in clutches ranging from 20 to 90, deposited in chambers within the soil or under protective cover like logs or stones.
Female earwigs exhibit a notable maternal instinct, diligently guarding their eggs and newly hatched nymphs from predators. The eggs generally hatch in approximately one week, releasing nymphs that are smaller versions of the adults, initially lacking wings. These nymphs undergo several molts over about 70 days as they grow into adults. Earwig populations typically reach their peak during the summer months as the life cycle continues.
Earwigs Indoors During Winter
Finding earwigs indoors during colder months typically indicates they are seeking refuge from the outdoor environment. They often gain entry to homes accidentally through small cracks, gaps around doors and windows, or openings in foundations. Earwigs can also be carried inside on items like firewood, outdoor furniture, or potted plants brought in for the winter.
Once indoors, these insects are primarily seeking shelter, warmth, or moisture. They are frequently found in damp or humid areas such as bathrooms, kitchens, basements, and laundry rooms. Earwigs inside a home are generally harmless to humans and property, posing more of a nuisance than a threat. They are unlikely to infest a home and often remain inactive or perish due to unsuitable indoor conditions.