Disposable vaping devices, often called “disposables,” have become widespread, but their effects vary dramatically depending on the liquid they contain. Whether a disposable device will cause intoxication, or “get you high,” depends entirely on the active chemical ingredient. These devices can contain nicotine, the psychoactive compound Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), or the non-intoxicating cannabinoid Cannabidiol (CBD). Understanding the specific compound being consumed is the only way to predict the physical and mental response.
The Critical Difference: Nicotine Versus Cannabis Disposables
The difference in disposable vapes lies in the active compound. Nicotine disposables contain nicotine, an alkaloid derived from the tobacco plant, which acts as a stimulant on the central nervous system. This chemical is highly addictive and causes a temporary sensation often called a “nicotine buzz” or rush, but it does not cause the altered state of consciousness associated with being “high.”
In contrast, cannabis disposables contain delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the main psychoactive constituent of the cannabis plant. This compound directly alters perception, mood, and cognitive function, producing the effect commonly known as a high. A third common type, CBD disposables, contains Cannabidiol, which is generally considered non-intoxicating.
The chemical difference dictates the user’s experience and the product’s legal status. THC vapes are regulated under cannabis laws, which vary widely, while nicotine vapes are subject to tobacco and e-cigarette regulations. Consumers must examine the labeling to determine whether the device contains nicotine, THC oil, CBD, or a combination of these ingredients.
Understanding the THC Mechanism of Intoxication
The intoxicating effect of a THC disposable is rooted in its interaction with the body’s endocannabinoid system (ECS). The ECS is a complex network of receptors and signaling molecules that helps regulate mood, memory, appetite, and pain sensation. THC works by mimicking the body’s naturally produced endocannabinoids.
THC acts as a partial agonist at the Cannabinoid Receptor Type 1 (CB1), which is densely distributed throughout the central nervous system, including the brain. When inhaled, THC is rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream and reaches the brain, binding to these CB1 receptors. This binding disrupts normal neurotransmitter release, leading to the characteristic psychoactive effects.
Activation of CB1 receptors in areas like the cerebral cortex and hippocampus alters perception, impairs cognitive function, and can induce feelings of euphoria. Interaction in the cerebellum and basal ganglia can also affect motor coordination and reaction time.
Non-Intoxicating Effects of Other Compounds
While THC disposables cause intoxication, nicotine disposables produce physiological effects that are non-intoxicating. Nicotine, as a stimulant, triggers the release of neurochemicals, including epinephrine (adrenaline). This rush of adrenaline causes an increase in heart rate and blood pressure, creating a transient feeling of energy and alertness.
Nicotine also stimulates the release of dopamine, a neurotransmitter associated with pleasure and reward. This contributes to the temporary sensation of a “buzz” and reinforces the addictive nature of the compound. These physical sensations manifest as mild stimulation and an elevated mood, but they do not qualify as the cognitive impairment or altered reality of a high.
CBD, the other common compound, is generally non-psychoactive and does not interact with the CB1 receptor like THC. While it may offer effects like relaxation, it does not produce the euphoria or cognitive changes of intoxication. The effects of CBD are subtle and do not involve the same disruption of the central nervous system that defines a high.
Quality Control and Safety Risks
Disposable vaping devices carry safety risks, especially those sourced from unregulated or black markets. A significant public health concern is the presence of toxic contaminants leached from the device components. Studies have found that disposable vapes can emit heavy metals, including lead, nickel, and antimony, into the aerosol the user inhales. These metals originate from the heating coils, solder, and other internal parts, with concentrations sometimes exceeding safety thresholds for both cancer and non-cancer health risks.
In the unregulated market, THC disposables have been linked to dangerous cutting agents, such as Vitamin E acetate, which was implicated in a severe lung injury outbreak. Contamination is also a concern for nicotine and CBD disposables, as products may be mislabeled, containing inaccurate concentrations, or even undisclosed THC or synthetic cannabinoids. This lack of quality control and the presence of unknown additives pose a serious risk to public health, making the source of the disposable a major safety consideration.