Dentures are custom-fitted devices designed to restore function and appearance. Proper daily care and storage are necessary to maintain the integrity of these appliances and ensure they continue to fit comfortably. A common question for wearers revolves around how to store them when they are not being used. Maintaining fit and hygiene depends on understanding the material science behind the device.
The Critical Need for Moist Storage
Denture bases are typically made from acrylic resin, a porous polymer designed to remain hydrated, mimicking conditions in the mouth. Saliva keeps the acrylic saturated during wear, which is essential for maintaining its intended size and shape. If the acrylic resin dries out, the material begins to lose moisture. This dehydration causes the resin to shrink slightly and become brittle, which can lead to warping or cracking.
Even a minor dimensional change can compromise the precision fit, causing discomfort, irritation to the gums, and reduced stability. Allowing dentures to dry out increases the risk of them breaking if dropped, as the material becomes less resilient. Repeated cycles of drying and rewetting can permanently affect the appliance’s fit and longevity. Keeping the acrylic consistently moist preserves the denture’s structural integrity and comfortable fit.
Selecting the Right Storage Medium
Storage aims to keep the denture hydrated and ensure hygienic conditions. Plain tap water maintains moisture but does not actively clean the denture or inhibit microbial growth. Specialized denture-cleansing solutions, often in tablet form, are recommended for overnight soaking. These solutions contain ingredients that break down plaque and kill odor-causing bacteria and fungi. When using a commercial cleanser, follow the manufacturer’s instructions precisely regarding the soaking time and water temperature.
Regardless of the solution used, the liquid should always be lukewarm or cold. Hot or boiling water must be strictly avoided, as the intense heat can cause immediate and irreversible warping of the acrylic resin, permanently damaging the fit.
Harsh household chemicals should never be used as a storage medium. Undiluted bleach, strong household cleaners, or high-concentration alcohol can corrode metal components, weaken the acrylic, or change the color of the base material. The soaking medium must be specifically formulated for use with oral appliances to ensure it is safe and non-damaging.
Essential Daily Cleaning Procedures
The storage process requires thorough cleaning to maintain hygiene. Before placing dentures into the storage medium, they should be physically cleaned at least once daily to remove food particles, plaque, and adhesive residue. A soft-bristled brush, specifically designed for dentures, should be used to gently scrub all surfaces without scratching the plastic.
A non-abrasive cleanser, such as a dedicated denture paste, mild hand soap, or dishwashing liquid, is preferable to regular toothpaste. Standard toothpaste contains abrasive particles that can create microscopic scratches on the acrylic surface, which then become breeding grounds for bacteria and stains. After brushing, the dentures should be rinsed thoroughly under running water to eliminate all traces of the cleaner and loose debris.
When handling the appliance during cleaning, hold it over a folded towel or a sink filled with water. This precaution ensures that if the denture is accidentally dropped, the impact will be cushioned, reducing the risk of breakage. After the overnight soak, a final rinse under clean water is necessary before reinserting the dentures, especially if a chemical cleanser was used.