Discomfort after a tooth extraction is a common part of healing. Dentists provide guidance on managing pain for a smoother recovery. The level of pain and the approach to relief vary with the extraction’s complexity.
Prescribed Medications for Post-Extraction Pain
Dentists frequently prescribe pain medications following tooth extractions, particularly for more involved procedures like wisdom tooth removal. The choice of medication depends on the anticipated pain level and the patient’s overall health. For moderate to severe pain, a dentist might prescribe a stronger non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) or, in some cases, a short-term opioid.
Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) is a commonly prescribed NSAID, effective in reducing both pain and inflammation. It is often recommended before the local anesthetic wears off to proactively manage pain. Another NSAID, diclofenac (Voltaren), may be prescribed if ibuprofen is not suitable for a patient.
For more significant pain, especially after complex extractions, a short course of opioid medication, such as codeine or hydrocodone combinations, may be prescribed. However, minimizing opioid use is emphasized due to concerns about side effects and potential dependency. Dentists are encouraged to consider non-opioid options as the first line of treatment, often recommending a combination of ibuprofen and acetaminophen for better pain control.
Over-the-Counter and Alternative Pain Relief
Over-the-counter (OTC) pain relievers are often sufficient for managing discomfort after simple tooth extractions. Ibuprofen, an NSAID, reduces both pain and swelling and is typically taken every 6 to 8 hours. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is another common OTC option that relieves pain, though it does not reduce inflammation. Do not exceed the recommended daily dose of acetaminophen, which is generally around 4000 mg.
Beyond medications, non-pharmacological methods can help alleviate pain and support recovery.
- Applying a cold compress or ice pack to the cheek near the extraction site for 10 to 20 minutes can reduce swelling and pain, especially during the first 24 hours.
- Consuming soft foods like yogurt, smoothies, and mashed potatoes can prevent irritation to the extraction area.
- Gently rinsing the mouth with warm salt water (half a teaspoon of salt per cup) can help keep the area clean.
- Getting adequate rest and avoiding strenuous activities for 24 to 72 hours contributes to healing by preventing increased pain and bleeding.
When to Contact Your Dentist
While some pain and discomfort are expected after a tooth extraction, certain signs warrant immediate contact with your dentist:
- Persistent or worsening severe pain not managed by prescribed or OTC medication.
- Pain that spreads from the extraction site to your ear, eye, temple, or neck on the same side of the face.
- Signs of infection, such as a fever of 100.4 degrees Fahrenheit (38 degrees Celsius) or higher, pus or drainage around the extraction site, or severe swelling.
- Symptoms of a dry socket, which typically occur one to five days after extraction, including intense, throbbing pain, a bad odor or unpleasant taste, and potentially visible exposed bone.
- Any unusual or concerning symptoms.