The plants commonly known as Elephant Ears belong to the genera Colocasia and Alocasia, and they are generally recognized as deer-resistant. While no plant is completely impervious to a hungry deer, these large-leafed tropicals are seldom chosen as a food source by browsing animals. Gardeners seeking to protect their landscapes from deer pressure can rely on these plants as a low-palatability option. Deer tend to bypass Elephant Ears in favor of other, more tender foliage.
Deer’s Reaction to Elephant Ears
Deer typically leave Elephant Ears alone due to the physical attributes of the foliage, which makes them an unappealing food choice. The leaves are large, often waxy, and possess a thick, tough texture that deer find difficult to tear and chew. Deer prefer soft, succulent new growth and tender broad-leaved species, which are easier to digest. The robust nature of Elephant Ear leaves offers low nutritional payoff for the effort required to consume them, causing deer to move on to more desirable plants.
The Chemical Defense Mechanism
The primary reason deer avoid Elephant Ears lies in a defense system involving microscopic, needle-shaped structures. The plant tissues of Colocasia and Alocasia contain high concentrations of calcium oxalate crystals, specifically known as raphides. These raphides are bundles of sharp, crystalline needles stored within specialized plant cells. When a deer bites into the leaf, these cells rupture, and the crystals are ejected into the mouth and throat tissues. The mechanical irritation causes an immediate, painful burning sensation and swelling, which serves as a powerful natural antifeedant.
When Deer Still Browse
The resistance of Elephant Ears is not an absolute guarantee, as deer behavior is influenced by environmental conditions and food availability. In periods of extreme stress, such as severe drought or heavy snow cover, deer may be forced to browse on normally unpalatable plants. A deer facing starvation will risk the discomfort of the calcium oxalate crystals to gain necessary calories. Observed browsing on Elephant Ears is usually a sign of high deer population density or a lack of alternative forage. Gardeners who notice feeding damage may need to deploy physical barriers or deterrent sprays to protect their plantings.