Tiger lilies, with their striking orange petals and dark spots, are a popular addition to many gardens. Gardeners often seek these robust blooms to add vertical interest and color. However, for those in deer-prone areas, a concern arises about the safety of these ornamental plants. Deer can turn a garden into an unexpected buffet, leading many to wonder about their tiger lilies’ susceptibility.
Understanding Deer and Tiger Lilies
Tiger lilies (Lilium lancifolium) are considered more deer-resistant than many other lily varieties. This resistance is attributed to chemicals within the plant that deer find unpalatable. While not a deer’s first choice, “deer-resistant” does not mean “deer-proof.” Deer are opportunistic feeders, and their dietary preferences shift based on regional factors, population density, and food scarcity.
During drought, harsh winters, or when other vegetation is scarce, hungry deer are more likely to browse on plants they would ordinarily avoid. Even deer-resistant plants like tiger lilies can become a target if deer are desperate for sustenance. Individual deer may also have varying preferences.
Identifying Deer Damage
Identifying deer damage to tiger lilies involves looking for specific signs. Deer lack upper incisors, so they cannot make clean cuts. Their browsing leaves torn or ragged edges on leaves, stems, and flowers. This tearing differentiates deer damage from that caused by other garden visitors like rabbits or rodents, which leave cleaner cuts.
Another sign is the “browsing line,” where damage occurs consistently up to about 6 feet, the height a deer can comfortably reach. Gardeners might also notice the complete absence of flower buds or entire plants, especially if young. Beyond plant damage, deer presence can be indicated by heart-shaped hoof prints (2-3 inches long) in soft soil, or small, pellet-like droppings near feeding areas.
Protecting Your Tiger Lilies
Protecting tiger lilies from deer requires a multi-pronged approach, as no single method guarantees complete deterrence. Physical barriers offer the most reliable protection. Fencing should be at least 8 feet tall to deter deer, as they are capable jumpers. For smaller groups or individual plants, netting or sturdy plant cages can provide a localized shield.
Deer repellents are also effective, working through taste or scent. Taste-based repellents, containing ingredients like putrescent egg solids or hot pepper extract, make plants unpalatable, training deer to avoid treated areas. Scent-based repellents utilize strong odors, such as garlic, mint, or predator urine, to make an area unappealing due to their sensitive sense of smell. These repellents require reapplication, especially after rain, to maintain effectiveness.
Companion planting involves strategically placing deer-resistant plants around more susceptible ones. Plants with strong scents, fuzzy textures, or those known to be toxic or bitter to deer (e.g., lavender, marigolds, alliums) can help mask the appeal of tiger lilies. While not foolproof, this method can reduce browsing pressure. Additionally, reducing dense cover near your garden can make the area less attractive to deer. Combining these strategies yields the best results in safeguarding your tiger lilies.