Pussy willows, scientifically known as Salix discolor, are a beloved sign of spring, cherished for their distinctive, soft, fuzzy catkins that appear long before leaves emerge. These charming plants bring early-season interest to gardens and landscapes, making them a popular choice for many gardeners. A common question for those cultivating these appealing shrubs is how to protect them from wildlife, specifically deer, which are frequent visitors to residential areas.
Do Deer Eat Pussy Willows
Deer can browse on pussy willows, though they are generally not a preferred food source when other options are available. Pussy willows are “moderately” deer resistant, meaning they are not entirely deer-proof but are less likely to be heavily damaged than highly palatable plants. Deer consumption depends on several environmental and behavioral factors.
One significant factor is the availability of other food sources. Deer are opportunistic foragers; if preferred vegetation like hostas, daylilies, or fruit trees becomes scarce, they are more inclined to browse on less desirable plants like pussy willows. This behavior is particularly noticeable during periods of drought or in late fall and winter when natural forage is limited.
High deer population densities also increase browsing on a wider range of plants, including pussy willows. When competition for food is intense, deer are less selective, leading to increased pressure on available vegetation. Younger pussy willow plants or new, tender growth on established shrubs may also be more appealing than older, tougher branches.
The time of year plays a role, with browsing often more prevalent in colder months when other food sources are dormant or covered by snow. Individual deer may exhibit varying preferences; some might find pussy willows more palatable than others within the same herd.
Protecting Your Pussy Willows From Deer
Protecting pussy willows from deer browsing involves proactive measures to deter them from your garden. One effective method is physical barriers, such as fencing, which can completely exclude deer. For reliable exclusion, a fence should be at least 8 feet tall, as deer are capable jumpers.
Nylon netting can be draped over young plants or small groupings of pussy willows to provide a temporary physical deterrent. Deer repellents offer another layer of protection, working through an offensive odor or an unpleasant taste. These products, granular or spray-on, require consistent reapplication, especially after rain or every few weeks, to maintain effectiveness.
Strategically planting strong-smelling or unpalatable plants, sometimes referred to as companion planting, around pussy willows can deter deer. While not a standalone solution, integrating plants like lavender, garlic, or certain herbs can create a less appealing browsing environment.
Motion-activated deterrents, such as sprinklers or lights, can startle deer and discourage them from lingering near your pussy willows. Careful site selection for new plantings can reduce the risk of deer damage. Placing pussy willows away from known deer travel paths or areas where deer frequently congregate can lower their exposure. Combining several protective strategies often yields the best results.
Dealing With Deer Browsing
If deer have browsed on your pussy willows, first assess the damage. Deer browsing is characterized by torn or ragged ends on branches, as deer lack upper incisors and pull off vegetation rather than making clean cuts. Identifying these signs confirms deer as the culprit.
Once damage is identified, pruning affected branches encourages healthy regrowth and maintains the plant’s natural shape. Use clean, sharp pruning shears to make precise cuts just above a bud or lateral branch. This promotes new, vigorous growth and helps the plant recover from browsing stress.
After pruning, support the pussy willow’s recovery with adequate water and nutrients. Deep watering, especially during dry periods, helps the plant direct energy towards healing and producing new foliage. Applying a balanced, slow-release fertilizer in early spring provides necessary nutrients for robust rebound growth.
For long-term management, integrate protective measures to prevent future browsing. Ongoing vigilance and a consistent approach to deer deterrence will help ensure your pussy willows remain healthy and vibrant.