Hollyhocks (Alcea rosea) are a classic garden feature, instantly recognizable by their towering stalks and large, vibrant blossoms. These flowering biennials and short-lived perennials are frequently planted against fences, walls, and borders, adding vertical interest to the landscape. Gardeners often wonder if these popular plants will become an easy target for local foraging wildlife. Determining the risk deer pose is a common query for those cultivating a new garden.
Hollyhocks and Deer Palatability
Hollyhocks are generally considered deer-resistant, meaning they are not a preferred food source, though they are not entirely immune to browsing. When deer have a choice, they typically select more palatable options. This resistance stems from the plant’s inherent physical and chemical characteristics.
The primary physical deterrent is the coarse, fuzzy texture of the leaves, known as pubescence. Deer tend to avoid hairy or prickly foliage, preferring smooth, tender vegetation that is easier to chew and digest. Hollyhocks also produce secondary compounds, such as flavonoids, which contribute to their unpalatability. These compounds act as a natural defense mechanism, making the plant taste less appealing than other available forage. Rutgers University lists hollyhocks as “Occasionally Severely Damaged,” suggesting that while they are usually left alone, significant damage can occur.
Factors That Increase Browsing Risk
Although deer typically bypass hollyhocks, a plant’s inherent resistance is not a guarantee against browsing. The primary reason deer consume less-favored plants is food scarcity. During periods of drought, deep snow, or in the late winter and early spring when other green forage is limited, deer become less selective and eat almost anything to survive.
Increased population density also heightens the risk, as greater competition forces deer to expand their diet. The maturity of the plant influences its vulnerability; deer may target the tender, new growth in the spring, which is less fibrous and fuzzy than the tougher mature leaves. Deer may also sample a non-preferred plant simply because it is located next to a favorite food source.
Protecting Your Plants From Deer
Gardeners can employ several layered strategies to discourage deer from damaging hollyhocks.
Physical Barriers
Physical barriers are the most reliable method of exclusion, though they must be substantial. A perimeter fence should be at least six feet tall to deter most deer from jumping, or up to eight or nine feet if the local deer are particularly motivated. For young or newly planted hollyhocks, temporary cages or netting can provide protection until they establish themselves.
Repellents
Repellents offer another line of defense, working through either scent or taste to make the plants objectionable. Commercial repellents often use ingredients like dried blood, garlic, or putrescent egg solids, which mimic the smell of predators or simply taste foul. A highly effective do-it-yourself repellent can be made using a simple mixture of three raw eggs per gallon of water, which is then sprayed onto the foliage. Taste-based and scent-based products must be reapplied frequently, especially after rainfall or when new growth emerges.
Strategic Placement and Companion Planting
Strategic placement can also help protect hollyhocks, as deer are less likely to venture into areas with high human activity. Planting hollyhocks close to a house, deck, or frequently used patio can deter deer from approaching them. Companion planting involves placing strongly scented herbs that deer dislike, such as lavender, rosemary, or sage, around the hollyhocks to create a natural, aromatic buffer zone.