The foxtail fern, Asparagus densiflorus ‘Meyeri’, is a popular ornamental plant known for its dense, plume-like fronds used in gardens and containers. Despite its common name, it is a member of the asparagus family and not a true fern, reproducing via seeds rather than spores. For many gardeners, protecting this foliage from browsing wildlife is a primary concern, requiring clear, actionable strategies.
Are Foxtail Ferns Deer-Resistant?
Foxtail ferns are classified as deer-resistant, meaning they are generally avoided by deer but are not entirely deer-proof. The plant’s tough, fibrous texture and mild toxic compounds contribute to a bitter taste that deer naturally dislike. This makes the foxtail fern a low-preference food source for foraging animals. However, a deer’s diet is influenced by local conditions and the availability of preferred food sources. During periods of scarcity, such as severe drought or a harsh winter, deer will often consume plants they would normally ignore. Therefore, classifying the plant as resistant simply means it is low on the menu, but protection may still be necessary to prevent damage.
Physical Barriers for Immediate Protection
Fencing and Caging
Physical exclusion is the most reliable method for protecting foxtail ferns from deer damage. A permanent perimeter fence should stand at least eight feet high, as deer can easily jump lower barriers. If using a less visible material like netting, a height of ten to twelve feet may be necessary because deer will not attempt a jump if they cannot clearly see a safe landing on the other side.
For individual plants or new plantings, temporary caging provides localized protection. Cages can be constructed using galvanized wire fencing or heavy-duty plastic netting. Ensure the cage is tall enough to extend well above the mature height of the fern and that it is securely anchored to the ground. The cage should be wide enough to prevent deer from reaching the foliage.
Container Placement
Foxtail ferns grown in containers offer a simpler solution, as they can be moved when deer pressure is high. Placing potted ferns on a raised deck, a patio enclosed by a railing, or bringing them into a garage or sunroom during winter months effectively eliminates access. This strategy is useful for container gardens in climates where the fern is not hardy and must be overwintered indoors.
Repellents and Strategic Planting
Repellent Types and Application
Repellents offer a non-physical layer of defense, using taste-based and scent-based formulas. Taste repellents contain ingredients like putrescent egg solids or capsaicin, which make the plant unpalatable after a single bite. Scent repellents use strong, off-putting odors, such as those derived from blood meal or essential oils, to discourage deer from approaching the area.
Consistent reapplication is necessary, especially after heavy rain or when new plant growth emerges. Deer can quickly become accustomed to a single product, so rotating between two or three different formulations prevents habituation. Always apply repellents on a dry day, allowing the product to fully dry on the foliage for maximum effectiveness.
Strategic Placement
Strategic placement of foxtail ferns can also reduce the likelihood of browsing. Planting them close to a house, near high-traffic walkways, or under outdoor lights deters deer, as they generally avoid areas with frequent human activity. Interplanting foxtail ferns with highly scented companion plants, such as lavender, boxwood, or ornamental salvias, can further mask the fern’s presence. This creates a less attractive foraging environment.