Saffron crocus (Crocus sativus) is a valued plant, cultivated for its stigmas, which yield the expensive spice saffron. This autumn-blooming crocus is popular for its beautiful lilac-purple flowers and the opportunity to harvest saffron. As more homeowners garden, a common concern arises regarding potential damage from deer. Gardeners wonder if this plant is susceptible to deer browsing. Understanding deer behavior and plant resistance is important for successful gardening.
Saffron Crocus and Deer Behavior
Saffron crocus is considered deer-resistant. This resistance is attributed to chemical compounds within the plant. Crocus sativus contains compounds such as picrocrocin, responsible for saffron’s bitter taste, and safranal, its distinct aroma. These compounds act as natural deterrents, making the plant unpalatable or mildly toxic to deer.
Deer use their sensitive sense of smell and taste to identify food sources. The strong, unpleasant flavor and scent of saffron crocus signals it is not a desirable food. While no plant is entirely “deer-proof,” saffron crocus is among those least likely to be browsed. This defense mechanism allows gardeners to cultivate saffron crocus with low risk of deer damage.
Understanding Rare Browsing
Despite saffron crocus’s deer resistance, browsing can occur. Deer are opportunistic feeders; their dietary habits change based on environmental conditions. During periods of extreme hunger, such as harsh winters or prolonged droughts, deer may eat plants they typically avoid. Even unpalatable compounds in saffron crocus might not deter a hungry animal.
Young or newly planted saffron crocus corms and foliage might be more susceptible to browsing. These tender plants may not have developed full deterrent compounds, making them less resistant than mature plants. Local deer populations can exhibit varying dietary preferences; some individual deer might browse on plants usually considered resistant. These rare occurrences do not negate saffron crocus’s deer resistance but highlight deer behavior’s adaptability.
General Garden Protection from Deer
While saffron crocus typically fends for itself, broader garden protection strategies benefit other plants or areas with high deer pressure. Physical barriers, such as fencing, reliably exclude deer. A fence at least 7 to 8 feet tall is often recommended, as deer jump surprisingly high. Solid fences can be effective at a shorter height because deer are less likely to jump if they cannot see the other side.
Deer-repellent sprays can be applied to vulnerable plants to deter browsing. These sprays work by taste or scent aversion, utilizing ingredients like putrescent egg solids, garlic, or hot pepper. Rotating repellents prevents deer from becoming accustomed to a single scent or taste. Incorporating strongly scented companion plants, like lavender, rosemary, or garlic, around more appealing plants creates a natural barrier.