Cough drops are a common remedy for soothing sore throats and calming coughs. However, for some, these lozenges can lead to an unexpected side effect: increased gas. Understanding their components and other illness-related factors can clarify why this happens.
Cough Drop Ingredients and Gas Production
Many sugar-free cough drops contain sugar alcohols, or polyols, such as sorbitol, xylitol, mannitol, maltitol, and isomalt. These ingredients provide sweetness without the calories of sugar. The human body poorly absorbs sugar alcohols in the small intestine, so a significant portion travels undigested into the large intestine. There, gut bacteria ferment these compounds, producing gases that can lead to bloating, flatulence, and abdominal discomfort. Even a moderate amount, such as 8-10 drops containing sorbitol, can trigger these effects in some individuals.
While less common, artificial sweeteners like sucralose and aspartame, sometimes found in cough drops, may also play a role in gut discomfort for sensitive individuals. Research suggests that these sweeteners can alter the gut microbiota, potentially leading to imbalances that contribute to gas. Though not direct gas producers, active ingredients like menthol and eucalyptus, common for their soothing properties, can cause mild digestive upset in very high doses. Regular cough drops, containing sucrose or corn syrup, are less likely to cause gas unless consumed in excessive quantities. The extent of these effects varies widely among individuals, depending on their unique gut sensitivity and the amount of cough drops consumed.
Other Contributors to Gas During Illness
Cough drops might not be the sole cause of increased gas during illness. When sick, especially with nasal congestion or a persistent cough, people often mouth breathe or swallow frequently to clear post-nasal drip. This can lead to increased air swallowing, a condition known as aerophagia, where excess air accumulates in the digestive tract, resulting in belching, bloating, and abdominal pain.
Illness can also change dietary habits, such as consuming more processed comfort foods or less fiber, disrupting digestion and contributing to gas. Certain medications for cold and flu symptoms, including decongestants or antibiotics, can have digestive side effects like gas and bloating by altering gut bacteria or slowing intestinal movement. Reduced physical activity during illness can also slow digestion, potentially leading to more gas buildup and discomfort.
Strategies for Managing Gas
To alleviate gas discomfort, check product labels for sugar alcohols and opt for varieties without them if you suspect they are a cause. Use cough drops in moderation, adhering to the recommended dosage on the packaging. Staying well-hydrated by drinking plenty of water can aid digestion and help the body process ingredients.
Adjusting your diet by temporarily avoiding other gas-producing foods, such as beans, broccoli, or carbonated beverages, can further reduce discomfort. Over-the-counter remedies containing simethicone can provide symptomatic relief by breaking down gas bubbles in the digestive tract, making them easier to pass. Gentle physical activity, such as short walks if your condition allows, can help stimulate intestinal movement and facilitate gas clearance. If gas is severe, persistent, or accompanied by other concerning symptoms, consult a healthcare professional.