Yes, chiropractors work on shoulders, utilizing manual and therapeutic techniques to address pain and dysfunction. The shoulder, or glenohumeral joint, is the most mobile joint in the human body, stabilized by a network of muscles, tendons, and ligaments. Chiropractors are trained to assess the function of the entire shoulder girdle—including the scapula, clavicle, and humerus—along with the connected spine. Addressing the biomechanics of the shoulder is a regular part of chiropractic practice for patients experiencing upper body pain and restricted movement.
Scope of Chiropractic Care for Extremities
Chiropractic practice encompasses the assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of joint dysfunction in the extremities, not solely the spine. This recognizes that issues in joints like the ankle, knee, elbow, or shoulder often correlate with spinal health and overall biomechanics. Chiropractors receive specific training in manipulation and mobilization techniques applicable to joints outside the vertebral column.
The professional scope of practice is regulated at the state or provincial level, and virtually all jurisdictions allow for the treatment of non-spinal joints. This is based on the understanding that the body functions as an interconnected kinetic chain. By addressing these peripheral joints, practitioners aim to restore proper movement patterns and reduce strain. Treating the shoulder involves correcting alignment issues in the glenohumeral joint, as well as the related joints of the thoracic spine and rib cage that influence shoulder movement.
Specific Shoulder Conditions Addressed
Chiropractors routinely treat common shoulder complaints resulting from trauma, repetitive strain, or postural imbalances. These conditions include:
- Shoulder impingement syndrome: This occurs when rotator cuff tendons are pinched beneath the acromion, often causing pain when reaching overhead or lifting the arm.
- Rotator cuff strains and tendonitis: These involve inflammation or micro-tears in the stabilizing muscles and tendons, manifesting as a deep ache or sharp pain during specific movements.
- Adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder): Characterized by scar-like adhesions within the joint capsule, this condition severely restricts the shoulder’s range of motion.
- Joint dysfunction of the acromioclavicular (AC) or sternoclavicular joints: Misalignment or restricted movement in the connections between the collarbone and the shoulder blade or sternum can be corrected to improve overall shoulder mechanics.
Treatment Modalities Used in Shoulder Care
Chiropractors employ a multi-faceted approach to treat shoulder pain, focusing on restoring proper function through manual therapies and active rehabilitation.
Joint Manipulation and Mobilization
Joint manipulation and mobilization are primary interventions, involving precise, controlled thrusts or movements applied directly to the shoulder, clavicle, or upper thoracic spine. Adjustments to the glenohumeral joint restore normal joint play and alignment. Manipulations of the surrounding spinal segments can improve nerve flow and reduce muscle tension that refers pain to the shoulder.
Soft Tissue Techniques
Soft tissue techniques are used to reduce muscle tension, inflammation, and scar tissue. Techniques such as myofascial release, trigger point therapy, or instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization manipulate the muscles, tendons, and fascia surrounding the joint. The goal of these therapies is to break up adhesions, increase local circulation, and allow shoulder muscles to function efficiently without restriction.
Rehabilitation Exercises
The treatment plan incorporates rehabilitation exercises for long-term recovery and injury prevention. Chiropractors prescribe specific strengthening exercises to stabilize the rotator cuff muscles and improve the endurance of the scapular stabilizers. Stretching protocols are also provided to increase flexibility and restore the full range of motion, helping maintain restored joint function after manual therapy concludes.