Orthodontic rubber bands, also known as elastics, are a common part of braces treatment. They apply continuous, gentle force to guide teeth and jaws into proper alignment and correct bite issues. Many wonder if these bands cause discomfort. While initial soreness is common, it is generally manageable and temporary.
Why Rubber Bands Cause Discomfort
The discomfort experienced from orthodontic rubber bands stems from the physical changes occurring within the mouth as teeth and jaws are repositioned. When these bands are first placed or adjusted, they introduce new, consistent pressure on the teeth, which can lead to a sensation of soreness. This pressure is transferred through the brackets and wires, initiating the movement of teeth within the jawbone.
The soreness indicates that the teeth are actively shifting into their intended positions. The elastic pull on the ligament fibers that connect the teeth to the jawbone causes the bone to remodel around the moving tooth, a process that can generate mild pain. The body’s natural response to this sustained pressure can also involve a mild inflammatory reaction, contributing to tenderness.
The muscles of the jaw may also feel tired or sore as they adapt to the new bite alignment. This is similar to muscle soreness experienced after a workout, where the jaw muscles are adjusting to new demands. The most significant discomfort lasts for a few days, often two to three days, after initial placement or adjustment, gradually subsiding as the mouth acclimates to the new forces.
Managing Discomfort
Several practical approaches can help alleviate discomfort from orthodontic rubber bands. Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, can be effective in reducing pain and inflammation. Following the recommended dosage on the packaging is always advisable.
Applying a cold compress or ice pack to the outside of the jaw can help reduce swelling and numb the area, providing temporary relief. This method is particularly useful during the initial days of discomfort. During the adjustment period, it is beneficial to consume soft foods, as this reduces the need for extensive chewing and minimizes pressure on sensitive teeth.
Maintaining excellent oral hygiene is important, as clean teeth and gums are less likely to be sensitive or irritated. Brushing and flossing regularly can prevent additional discomfort from plaque buildup or gum inflammation. Consistently wearing the rubber bands as prescribed by the orthodontist helps teeth adapt more quickly to the forces, which can ultimately shorten the overall period of discomfort.
When to Contact Your Orthodontist
While some discomfort is expected, certain situations warrant contacting your orthodontist. If the pain is severe, unmanageable with home remedies, or persists for much longer than the expected few days (e.g., more than a week after placement or adjustment), contact your orthodontist. This could indicate an underlying issue that needs attention.
If a rubber band breaks or is lost, inform your orthodontist so they can advise on replacement or adjustments. If the rubber bands cause persistent sores, cuts, or irritation inside the mouth that do not heal, contact your orthodontist. They can offer solutions like orthodontic wax to protect the soft tissues.
Any instance where the bands cause issues with the orthodontic appliance itself, such as a loose or broken bracket or wire, contact your orthodontist. Though rare, extreme swelling, difficulty breathing, or difficulty swallowing could indicate an allergic reaction and require immediate professional attention. These specific scenarios differ from normal, manageable discomfort and indicate a need for professional assessment.