Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is a common condition affecting the hand and wrist, characterized by pain, numbness, and tingling. It occurs when the median nerve, which extends from the forearm into the hand, becomes compressed at the wrist. Wrist braces are a common initial intervention for managing symptoms.
How Braces Provide Relief
Wrist braces alleviate Carpal Tunnel Syndrome symptoms by maintaining the wrist in a neutral position. This prevents extreme flexion or extension, reducing pressure within the carpal tunnel, a narrow passageway of bones and ligaments at the base of the hand. This minimizes compression on the median nerve, which can become irritated when swelling occurs in the carpal tunnel.
Maintaining a neutral wrist position with a brace is especially beneficial during sleep, as many individuals unconsciously bend their wrists excessively at night, which can exacerbate symptoms. Wearing a brace during repetitive daytime activities also helps mitigate strain and reduce pressure on the nerve, allowing the median nerve to rest and recover.
Evidence for Brace Effectiveness
Wrist braces are a first-line treatment for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, particularly for mild to moderate cases. Studies have demonstrated that wearing a wrist brace, especially at night, can significantly improve CTS symptoms compared to no treatment.
Evidence suggests that splinting can be effective in reducing pain and improving functionality. While immediate relief might vary, many individuals report symptom improvement within a few weeks of consistent brace use. Some research indicates that using orthoses before considering surgery may reduce the likelihood of needing surgical intervention.
Selecting and Using the Right Brace
Choosing and correctly using a wrist brace is important for managing Carpal Tunnel Syndrome effectively. Braces designed for CTS typically feature a rigid or semi-rigid splint that keeps the wrist in a neutral or slightly extended position (0 to 15 degrees). Night splints are recommended for use during sleep to prevent unconscious wrist bending. Some individuals also benefit from wearing a brace during the day, particularly during activities that trigger symptoms.
Proper fit is important; a brace should be snug enough to stabilize the wrist without restricting blood flow or causing discomfort. Adjustable straps allow for a customized fit. Breathable, comfortable materials are preferable for extended wear to prevent skin irritation. Consulting a healthcare professional can help determine the most suitable brace and optimal duration for its use.
When Braces Aren’t Sufficient
While wrist braces are effective for many, they may not fully resolve symptoms in all cases. If symptoms persist or worsen despite consistent brace use, consult a healthcare professional for further evaluation. Untreated CTS can progress, potentially leading to permanent nerve damage.
Other non-surgical treatments may be considered, such as physical therapy, which includes specific exercises to improve wrist flexibility and nerve gliding. Corticosteroid injections, delivered directly into the carpal tunnel, can reduce inflammation and pressure on the median nerve, offering temporary relief. For severe or persistent cases that do not respond to conservative measures, surgical options, such as carpal tunnel release, may be recommended to decompress the median nerve.