Bobcats (Lynx rufus) do indeed live in Ohio, having re-established populations across various regions. This article explores their current standing, the journey of their return, how to identify them, and what actions to take if one is encountered.
Current Status and Distribution in Ohio
Bobcats are now found in Ohio, with established populations concentrated primarily in the southeastern and southern parts of the state. These regions provide suitable forested habitats, dense ground vegetation, and ample prey. While sightings are most common in these areas, the population is expanding, leading to occasional confirmed observations in northeast, central, and western Ohio. Confirmed sightings have been documented in 81 counties across Ohio between 1970 and 2021.
The bobcat is classified as a furbearing animal in Ohio. Hunting or trapping of bobcats is currently prohibited, offering them protection. Although no longer listed as endangered or threatened as of 2014, they remain a protected species.
The Return of Bobcats to Ohio
Bobcats are a native species to Ohio, but they were extirpated from the state by approximately 1850. This local extinction was primarily due to extensive habitat loss, as forests were cleared for settlement and agriculture, coupled with unregulated fur hunting. From the mid-19th century through the 1960s, only sporadic reports of bobcats occurred, mainly in eastern Ohio.
The mid-1900s marked the beginning of their natural recolonization, as habitats recovered and bobcats dispersed from neighboring states like Pennsylvania, West Virginia, and Kentucky. Sightings began to increase steadily in the early 2000s, indicating a growing and expanding population. The resurgence of bobcats in Ohio is largely a result of this natural process rather than specific reintroduction programs.
Distinguishing Bobcats from Other Wildlife
Identifying a bobcat involves recognizing several distinct physical features that differentiate it from domestic cats or coyotes. Bobcats are medium-sized wild cats, typically weighing between 15 and 30 pounds, and measuring about 18 to 49 inches in length. This makes them roughly twice the size of an average house cat.
One of their most defining characteristics is their short, “bobbed” tail, which has a black tip on top with white underneath. Their fur is generally tan to grayish-brown, often with black streaks or spots that provide camouflage, and their undersides are lighter. They also possess black-tipped, pointed ears with short tufts, and a distinctive facial ruff or “sideburns.” In contrast, coyotes are larger, have longer bushy tails, pointed ears without tufts, and a grayish-brown coat.
What to Do if You Spot a Bobcat
If you spot a bobcat, observe it from a distance and avoid approaching it. Bobcats are generally reclusive animals, not considered dangerous to humans, and rarely pose a threat.
For the safety of pets, keep them leashed or properly housed, as bobcats are carnivores and may prey on smaller animals. The Ohio Department of Natural Resources (ODNR) encourages the public to report bobcat sightings through their online wildlife reporting system. These reports help biologists monitor the population and distribution of bobcats. If an injured bobcat or one exhibiting unusual behavior is observed, contact the ODNR directly.