The Bird of Paradise plant (Strelitzia) is celebrated for its dramatic, paddle-shaped foliage and striking, crane-like flowers. Determining its light requirement is nuanced and depends heavily on the plant’s environment. Although the species is native to sun-drenched regions, its ability to tolerate direct sun changes based on where it is grown and which variety is cultivated. Understanding these specific conditions is necessary to promote healthy growth and flowering.
Outdoor Sun Tolerance and Climate Factors
For Strelitzia species grown outdoors, “full sun” means receiving at least six hours of direct sunlight daily. In cooler coastal or temperate climates, the Bird of Paradise thrives under this exposure, encouraging robust growth and prolific blooming. The plant is adapted to high light levels, developing stronger stems and more vibrant foliage when light is abundant.
However, the intensity and temperature of the sun must be considered. In regions with extremely hot or arid conditions, or where summer temperatures consistently exceed 70°F (21°C), prolonged exposure to intense midday and afternoon sun can be damaging. This harsh light often leads to leaf scorch, causing bleached or brown patches on the foliage. To prevent this, position the plant to receive less intense morning sun but partial shade during the hottest part of the afternoon.
Light Needs Based on Species
The two most common varieties of Bird of Paradise have distinct sun tolerances based on their size and foliage structure. Strelitzia reginae, known for its iconic orange and blue flowers, is the smaller and more sun-tolerant species. This variety prefers bright light and handles more hours of direct sun, making it an excellent choice for sunny garden spots.
In contrast, Strelitzia nicolai, the Giant Bird of Paradise, is a massive, tree-like perennial with large, banana-like leaves. This variety is grown primarily for its impressive foliage. Its large leaves are susceptible to tearing and scorching under intense, unfiltered light. Outdoors, the Giant Bird of Paradise performs best in dappled light or partial shade, which protects the extensive leaf surface from intense afternoon rays.
Maximizing Growth in an Indoor Setting
When grown as an indoor houseplant, the light requirements are interpreted differently because glass filters light intensity. For the plant to bloom indoors, it requires a substantial amount of bright light, ideally four to six hours of direct sunlight daily. A south-facing window in the Northern Hemisphere provides the most direct and intense light necessary for encouraging flowering.
If the plant is placed too close to the glass in a south-facing exposure, the foliage can suffer heat damage, especially during summer. It may be necessary to pull the plant back slightly from the window or use a sheer curtain to diffuse intense midday rays. Insufficient light is the most common reason for failure to bloom. Placing the plant in a low-light area, such as a north-facing window, will result in stunted growth and a leggy appearance.