Safflower seeds, derived from the annual plant Carthamus tinctorius, offer a distinct feeding option for backyard bird enthusiasts. These seeds are slightly smaller than black oil sunflower seeds and possess a tough, white outer shell. Their unique properties influence which birds are attracted to a feeder, making them a strategic alternative to sunflower.
Species That Prefer Safflower
Many desirable backyard species show a strong preference for safflower seeds. Northern Cardinals are enthusiastic consumers, utilizing their thick, powerful beaks to easily crack the hard shell. The high fat and protein content provides a substantial energy source for larger songbirds.
Smaller, acrobatic birds such as chickadees and Tufted Titmice readily consume safflower. House Finches and various grosbeaks are frequent visitors. Mourning Doves and other ground-feeding birds forage for spilled safflower seeds below the feeder.
Safflower is a strategic choice for birders aiming to support these specific species. The seed’s shell is thicker than that of black oil sunflower, requiring a stronger beak to access the nutritious interior. This physical barrier naturally favors birds with powerful mandibles.
Safflower as a Deterrent
Safflower seeds actively repel certain animals and birds. The seed’s shell contains a slightly bitter compound, undetectable to birds but highly unappealing to many mammals, especially squirrels. This natural bitterness makes safflower an effective method for deterring persistent feeder raiders.
This bitter flavor also deters nuisance birds at feeders. European Starlings and Common Grackles, known for dominating feeding stations and quickly depleting seed supplies, typically avoid safflower. House Sparrows may also be discouraged by the taste or the effort required to crack the tough shell.
Switching to safflower provides a simple solution to common feeder problems. Offering a seed unpalatable to these common pests ensures the food is primarily reserved for the intended songbird visitors. This selective feeding approach reduces seed waste and encourages a more peaceful feeding environment.
Nutritional Profile and Feeder Placement
Safflower seeds offer a rich nutritional profile, providing birds with significant fat, protein, and fiber. This provides a well-rounded energy source necessary for daily activities and seasonal demands like migration or nesting.
The composition of safflower seeds makes them suitable for several feeder styles, with placement being key to success. Hopper and platform feeders are excellent choices, as they allow larger birds like Northern Cardinals to perch comfortably while feeding. Tube feeders designed for sunflower seeds can also work if the ports are large enough for the seed to dispense easily.
A practical benefit of safflower is the minimal mess left behind compared to sunflower seeds. The thin hulls that birds discard are less bulky and decompose more quickly, reducing debris accumulation beneath the feeding station. This makes safflower advantageous for decks or patios where cleanliness is a concern.