Watermelon is a common summer food many people share with backyard birds due to its abundance and high moisture content. Birds can safely consume the flesh, but only as an occasional treat to supplement their main diet. Moderation is important because the high natural sugar content means it cannot serve as a primary food source.
Nutritional Value and Safety
Watermelon is approximately 92% water, making it an excellent source of hydration for birds, especially during hot weather. The fruit flesh contains natural sugars that provide a quick burst of energy, helpful for active foraging or migratory species.
The flesh also contains beneficial micronutrients, including Vitamin A and Vitamin C, which contribute to immune function and overall avian health. The small, black seeds are safe for birds to consume and provide small amounts of protein and minerals like iron and magnesium. However, the outer green rind is generally tough for most birds to eat and may carry pesticide residue, so it is best to remove it before serving.
Proper Preparation and Presentation
Preparing watermelon for birds involves simple steps to maximize consumption. The most effective method is to cut the fruit into small, manageable pieces, such as one-inch cubes or thin slices that are easy for birds to peck at. For larger species, half of a small watermelon can be placed face-up with the rind still attached.
It is important to place the fruit on a clean, stable surface, such as a platform feeder, a tray feeder, or a clean stump. Avoid mixing fresh fruit with seed in a typical tube feeder, as this can lead to rapid spoilage. Hygiene is essential when serving fresh fruit; uneaten watermelon must be removed after only a few hours, especially in warm temperatures. Prompt removal prevents the fruit from molding, fermenting, or attracting pests like wasps and rodents.
Common Watermelon-Eating Bird Species
A variety of avian species are attracted to the soft, sweet flesh of watermelon. Fruit-eating birds, such as Baltimore and Orchard Orioles, often seek out soft, sugary foods to complement their insect-heavy diet. Western and Summer Tanagers also readily consume fruit pieces when they are made available at feeding stations.
Woodpeckers, including Downy and Hairy species, may be drawn to the high-energy content of the fruit, treating it as a substitute for sap or tree nuts. Smaller birds, like House Finches and American Goldfinches, will also sample the fruit, though they often concentrate on the seeds. Offering watermelon provides supplementary energy and much-needed hydration.