Adhesive bandages do expire, which involves two factors: a formal, regulated date concerning sterility, and a practical consideration regarding the physical breakdown of the materials. Understanding the difference is important for keeping your first-aid supplies safe and functional. Check the date printed on the box, which typically falls within a three-to-five-year range from manufacture. You must also inspect the condition of the individual wrapper and the bandage itself before use.
The Expiration Date Explained
The expiration date printed on the packaging is the manufacturer’s guarantee of sterility. Bandages are classified as medical devices, and their absorbent pads must be sterile when applied to an open wound to prevent infection. This date confirms the integrity of the individual wrapper seal, which is the physical barrier keeping the bandage free from microorganisms until use.
If the wrapper is compromised—such as through a tear, moisture exposure, or becoming brittle—the sterility is lost, even if the expiration date has not passed. Using a non-sterile dressing introduces a risk of contamination and infection. For this reason, sterile items like bandages are legally required to carry a date to ensure they meet safety standards for wound care.
Why They Fail Over Time
Bandages fail due to the degradation of their physical components. The most common failure involves the adhesive, which is designed to stick to the skin and secure the protective pad over the wound. Over several years, the chemical components in the adhesive strip can dry out, causing them to lose tackiness and fail to adhere properly.
Conversely, some adhesives may become overly sticky, leaving behind a residue or making removal painful. The fabric or plastic backing can also become brittle or stiff with age. This reduces flexibility and makes the bandage less comfortable and effective for covering moving joints.
Safe Usage and Storage
To maximize shelf life, bandages should be stored in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and extreme temperatures. Storing a first-aid kit in a hot car or damp bathroom cabinet accelerates the breakdown of the adhesive and compromises the packaging. Excessive moisture is particularly damaging, as it can cause wrappers to yellow, weaken, and potentially allow microbial growth.
Before applying any bandage, inspect its individual wrapper for signs of damage, discoloration, or dampness. Discard any bandage with a torn or visibly compromised wrapper, even if the date on the box has not passed. Also look for visual cues on the bandage itself, such as adhesive that appears cracked, powdery, or separated from the backing.