Zinnias are popular garden flowers cherished for their vibrant colors and straightforward cultivation, making them a favored choice for many gardeners. A common question for those planting these blooms is whether local wildlife might consider them a food source. Understanding animal interactions with zinnias helps gardeners protect their plants.
Are Zinnias a Preferred Food Source for Animals?
Zinnias are generally not a primary food source for many common garden animals, often being listed as “deer-resistant” and “rabbit-resistant.” Their coarse texture and slightly bitter taste make them less appealing compared to other plants in a garden setting. The strong scent of zinnia foliage can also act as a deterrent to some browsing animals. While resistant, no plant is entirely animal-proof.
Animals may still sample or consume zinnias under certain conditions, especially when preferred food sources are scarce. The designation of “resistant” indicates that these plants are typically not the first choice for foraging animals, but rather a less desirable alternative. This general resistance is a significant advantage for gardeners seeking to minimize damage from wildlife.
Common Garden Animals and Zinnia Interactions
Deer generally avoid zinnias due to their coarse texture and strong aroma. However, hungry deer may browse any plant, and young zinnia shoots can be particularly vulnerable to their nibbling. Mature zinnia plants are less likely to suffer severe damage, but deer might still taste them if other food sources are limited.
Rabbits also tend to bypass zinnias due to their rough texture and somewhat bitter taste. Despite this general avoidance, rabbits may sample young, tender zinnia sprouts. They might also chew on lower leaves or flowers if other preferred vegetation is unavailable.
Squirrels and chipmunks show minimal interest in zinnia foliage, though chipmunks might consume seed heads. These small mammals are more likely to dig around plants, potentially disturbing roots or burying cached food. Groundhogs, being less selective foragers, might eat zinnias if other food options are scarce.
Factors Influencing Zinnia Consumption by Animals
Food scarcity is a primary factor that can lead animals to consume plants they typically avoid. During periods of drought, harsh winters, or when natural food sources dwindle, wildlife becomes less selective in their foraging. A high animal population density also increases browsing pressure, making even less palatable plants a target.
The age and tenderness of zinnia plants influence their appeal to animals. Young, newly sprouted zinnias or tender new growth are often more palatable than mature plants. While most zinnia varieties share similar resistance, slight variations in palatability might exist. Gardens that offer limited alternative food sources might inadvertently direct animals toward zinnias.
Strategies for Protecting Your Zinnias
Physical barriers offer the most effective protection. Fencing, tailored to the specific animal, can prevent access: deer fences typically need to be 6-8 feet tall, while rabbit fences should be 2-3 feet high and buried 6-12 inches deep. Row covers or fine netting also shield young zinnia plants from early-season damage. Raised garden beds elevate plants, making them less accessible to ground-dwelling animals.
Repellents provide an additional defense, using strong scents or tastes. Commercial sprays are available, as are homemade remedies such as:
Egg and water mixtures
Hot pepper solutions
Strong-scented bar soap
These repellents require reapplication after rain or irrigation. Companion planting also helps, as certain plants like marigolds or basil emit odors that some animals find unappealing.
Good garden maintenance makes zinnias more resilient. Proper soil conditions, adequate watering, and optimal plant spacing promote vigorous growth, naturally deterring pests. Diversion planting, placing more appealing food sources away from zinnias, can also draw animals elsewhere, reducing pressure on your blooms.