Experiencing contractions can bring a mix of emotions, from excitement to uncertainty. As your body prepares for childbirth, recognizing these signals can provide reassurance and help you navigate this transformative time. Understanding the characteristics of contractions and how to respond to them is important.
Identifying Contractions
Contractions signal the tightening and relaxing of the uterine muscles. Many describe them as wave-like tightness starting at the top of the uterus and moving downward, like strong menstrual cramps or intense pressure in the lower abdomen or back. Some may feel pain radiating down their legs. During a contraction, the abdomen becomes firm, then softens as the contraction ends.
Accurately timing contractions is helpful for tracking their progression. To time them, note the start time of one contraction and then the start time of the next; this interval indicates frequency. The duration is measured from when a contraction begins until it completely ends. Early labor contractions typically last about 30 to 45 seconds.
Differentiating Real Labor from Braxton Hicks
Distinguishing between true labor contractions and Braxton Hicks contractions, often called “practice contractions,” is a common concern. Braxton Hicks contractions are irregular, unpredictable, and usually do not increase in intensity or frequency over time. They may feel like general tightening in the front of the belly and often subside or disappear with a change in activity or position, such as walking or resting. These contractions prepare the uterus for labor but do not cause cervical changes.
In contrast, true labor contractions follow a pattern, becoming progressively more regular, longer, and stronger. The pain increases in intensity and persists regardless of movement or position changes. While Braxton Hicks are often localized to the front of the abdomen, true labor pain may begin in the lower back and wrap around to the front, or be felt throughout the entire abdomen. True labor contractions work to thin and open the cervix, a process that Braxton Hicks contractions do not achieve.
Next Steps When Contractions Are 20 Minutes Apart
When contractions begin approximately 20 minutes apart, this indicates the early phase of labor, known as latent labor. At this stage, contractions are mild to moderate in intensity and may last around 30 to 45 seconds. It is advisable to remain at home then, focusing on comfort and monitoring.
Continue to time your contractions, noting their frequency, duration, and if their intensity is increasing. Engaging in light activities is helpful, but avoid overexertion to conserve energy. Warm baths or showers provide comfort and ease sensations. Staying hydrated and consuming light snacks supports your energy levels then.
When to Contact Your Healthcare Provider
Knowing when to contact your healthcare provider or head to the hospital is important for safety and guidance. A common guideline for when to seek medical attention for contractions is the “5-1-1 rule”: contractions are consistently five minutes apart, each lasting for one minute, and this pattern has continued for at least one hour. Some providers may suggest a “4-1-1” or “3-1-1” rule, especially for those who have given birth before.
Beyond contraction patterns, several other signs warrant immediate contact with your healthcare provider. These include your water breaking (sudden gush or slow trickle), any vaginal bleeding (especially bright red or more than light spotting), or a significant decrease in your baby’s movements. Also contact your provider for severe, persistent pain not relieved between contractions, fever, or blurred vision. Always follow the specific instructions provided by your individual healthcare team.