A connected breast appearance, medically termed symmastia, describes a condition where the breasts merge across the midline of the chest. This creates the appearance of a single, continuous unit, lacking the natural indentation typically seen between the breasts. It presents as a flattened or continuous contour across the sternum rather than two distinct mounds.
Causes of a Connected Breast Appearance
Symmastia can arise from two primary origins: it can be present from birth or develop later in life.
Congenital symmastia
Congenital symmastia occurs when an individual is born with the condition. This form results from abnormal fibrous tissue bands that tether the skin of the chest directly to the breastbone, or sternum. These bands prevent the normal development of a distinct cleavage, causing the breast tissue to extend continuously across the midline.
Acquired symmastia
Acquired symmastia, also known as iatrogenic symmastia, is typically a complication following breast augmentation surgery. This occurs when the surgical pockets created for breast implants are made too close to the center of the chest or merge across the sternum. The implants then migrate medially, pushing the breast tissue and skin to create the appearance of a single breast.
Physical and Psychological Considerations
While symmastia alters the aesthetic appearance of the chest, it generally does not pose a physical health risk. It is almost exclusively a cosmetic concern. Individuals with symmastia can still breastfeed, and there is no increased risk of breast disease associated with the condition.
The primary impact of symmastia is often psychological. Many individuals experience significant self-consciousness and dissatisfaction with their body image due to the altered breast appearance. This can lead to reduced self-esteem and emotional distress. Finding bras and clothing that fit properly can also be challenging, as standard garments are designed for breasts with a clear separation, often exacerbating feelings of discomfort or self-consciousness.
Surgical Correction Options
Surgical intervention is the definitive method for correcting symmastia. The specific surgical goals and techniques employed depend on whether the condition is congenital or acquired.
For congenital symmastia
For congenital symmastia, the surgical procedure focuses on releasing the abnormal fibrous tissue attachments that bind the skin to the sternum. This involves carefully dissecting these bands to allow the skin and breast tissue to separate naturally. The surgeon works to redefine the midline and create the desired cleavage by freeing the adherent tissues.
In cases of acquired symmastia
In cases of acquired symmastia, the correction is more complex as it involves addressing the implant pockets. The surgeon must carefully repair and reinforce the inner edges of the overly large or merged implant pockets. This often involves placing internal sutures, sometimes referred to as “capsulorrhaphy,” to tighten and define the medial borders of the pockets. These sutures help to prevent the implants from migrating back across the midline, thereby recreating the natural intermammary space.
Regardless of the cause, these corrective procedures require a high degree of precision and anatomical understanding. It is highly recommended that individuals seeking symmastia correction consult with a board-certified plastic surgeon who possesses specific experience and a proven track record in addressing this particular condition. An experienced surgeon can assess the unique anatomical challenges and tailor the surgical approach for the most effective outcome.